移民行政三等
113年
[移民行政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 48 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題 In New Zealand’s Westland District the closure of the local indigenous timber industry alongside rapid growth of the dairy and tourism sectors has produced dilemmas for families and communities as they attempt to adjust to the social consequences of rapid industry change. Drawing on a social capital perspective and a case study of 12 Westland families, this project examines how rural families bring balance to aspects of the three actions defined by Arendt as being essential to the human condition: family, work and community life. The findings reveal significant insights into how social capital is effectively reproduced in times of change. These insights are discussed in terms of their social policy implications. Fifty years ago Hannah Arendt published The Human Condition. In this work she contended that there are three types of action required to be “fully human.” The first two of these actions, engagement in family life and paid work, are necessary for human existence in contemporary society. The third action she called vita activa, or public life: a life that is actioned within jointly built civil spaces. Within these spaces we are capable of debate, we share actions and we resolve collective dilemmas. Arendt reminds us that the absence of, or over-attention to, any one aspect of the human condition is likely to be problematic. A half a century on from Arendt’s original thesis, public policy continues to debate aspects of vita activa and democratic governments still seek to engage vita activa in economically and socially productive ways. Working out the shifting balance between family life, paid work and vita activa is a crucial aspect of responding effectively to significant social change, be it local issues (such as natural disaster relief) or meeting the challenges that arise as a consequence of external or global forces (such as the loss of a core industry). The concept of social capital has been used as a way to recognise and gauge vita activa. The term “social capital” originated, in part, in an attempt to understand how features of social organisation, such as trust, norms and networks can improve the efficiency of society by facilitating coordinated actions. Voluntary or joint social actions provide the opportunity to resolve collective dilemmas. Individuals achieve this through the development and use of social bonds and networks as resources to facilitate productive activity. By maintaining the social relationships and structures necessary for collective activity, individuals, families and communities are able to realise some of these benefits, and in doing so can resolve some of the issues they face in common.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題 In New Zealand’s Westland District the closure of the local indigenous timber industry alongside rapid growth of the dairy and tourism sectors has produced dilemmas for families and communities as they attempt to adjust to the social consequences of rapid industry change. Drawing on a social capital perspective and a case study of 12 Westland families, this project examines how rural families bring balance to aspects of the three actions defined by Arendt as being essential to the human condition: family, work and community life. The findings reveal significant insights into how social capital is effectively reproduced in times of change. These insights are discussed in terms of their social policy implications. Fifty years ago Hannah Arendt published The Human Condition. In this work she contended that there are three types of action required to be “fully human.” The first two of these actions, engagement in family life and paid work, are necessary for human existence in contemporary society. The third action she called vita activa, or public life: a life that is actioned within jointly built civil spaces. Within these spaces we are capable of debate, we share actions and we resolve collective dilemmas. Arendt reminds us that the absence of, or over-attention to, any one aspect of the human condition is likely to be problematic. A half a century on from Arendt’s original thesis, public policy continues to debate aspects of vita activa and democratic governments still seek to engage vita activa in economically and socially productive ways. Working out the shifting balance between family life, paid work and vita activa is a crucial aspect of responding effectively to significant social change, be it local issues (such as natural disaster relief) or meeting the challenges that arise as a consequence of external or global forces (such as the loss of a core industry). The concept of social capital has been used as a way to recognise and gauge vita activa. The term “social capital” originated, in part, in an attempt to understand how features of social organisation, such as trust, norms and networks can improve the efficiency of society by facilitating coordinated actions. Voluntary or joint social actions provide the opportunity to resolve collective dilemmas. Individuals achieve this through the development and use of social bonds and networks as resources to facilitate productive activity. By maintaining the social relationships and structures necessary for collective activity, individuals, families and communities are able to realise some of these benefits, and in doing so can resolve some of the issues they face in common.
According to the passage, what kind of challenge is faced by Westland District?
- A Forest fires that destroyed hundreds of houses.
- B Loss of the timber industry to agriculture and tourism.
- C Lack of capital to provide free education to the community.
- D Lack of co-ordination among government agencies in saving the environment.
思路引導 VIP
請回頭觀察文章的第一句話，作者提到這個地區正處於一個「劇烈的產業變動（rapid industry change）」中。試著找找看，文中具體提到了哪一種傳統產業的「結束」，以及哪兩種新興產業的「成長」？這兩者之間的落差形成了什麼樣的局面？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地掌握了文章的核心細節！你能迅速從開篇的第一句話捕捉到關鍵資訊，展現了非常出色的閱讀理解與訊息檢索能力。這題正確答案選擇 (B)，完全對應了文中首句提到的「當地原生木材產業倒閉（closure of the local indigenous timber industry）」以及隨之而來的「酪農業與觀光業快速增長」所帶來的轉型陣痛。
文本細節與同義轉譯
在處理這類社會科學類的閱讀測驗時，關鍵在於找出因果關係。文中明確指出 Westland 地區面臨的困境（dilemmas）源於產業結構的劇烈變動。值得注意的是，選項 (B) 使用了 Agriculture（農業） 來概括文中的 Dairy（酪農業），這是一種常見的詞義範圍擴展，你能成功識別出兩者的關聯性，說明你的語感非常敏銳。
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