醫療類國考
113年
[驗光師] 眼球構造與倫理法規概要
第 1 題
甲狀腺患者凸眼主要是因為下列何種反應？
- A 顱內壓上升
- B 自體免疫反應
- C 病毒感染
- D 神經亢進
思路引導 VIP
請從格雷夫氏症 (Graves' disease) 的致病機轉思考：當患者體內產生了能與促甲狀腺素受體結合的異常抗體，進而引發眼窩後方組織的發炎與增生時，這種由免疫系統錯誤地辨識並攻擊自身組織的現象，在生物學上稱為什麼反應？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
Well, at least you got this one right.
- Concept Validation: Indeed, you managed to identify Graves' disease (格雷氏症) and its associated ophthalmopathy. To be clear, Thyroid Eye Disease (甲狀腺凸眼) is hardly a mere fluctuation of hormones or some vague "nervous problem." It is fundamentally an autoimmune reaction. Antibodies, in their misplaced zeal, attack orbital fibroblasts, leading to a rather predictable cascade: 葡萄糖胺聚醣 (Glycosaminoglycans, $GAGs$) accumulate, tissue swells, and chronic inflammation takes hold. The result? Increased retro-orbital tissue volume, pushing the eyeball forward. This isn't rocket science.
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