地特四等
114年
[一般民政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 50 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題：
Teenagers are often criticized for staying up late and sleeping in, but science shows there’s a biological reason behind this pattern. During adolescence, the brain’s internal clock shifts. Teens naturally begin to feel sleepy later at night—sometimes not until 11 p.m. or even midnight. At the same time, they still need around eight to ten hours of sleep for healthy development. This shift in sleep cycle, known as “delayed sleep phase,” often clashes with early school schedules. Many schools start before 8 a.m., which means students are frequently forced to function while still sleep-deprived. Studies have linked sleep deprivation in teens to poorer academic performance, increased irritability, and even higher rates of depression and anxiety.
Some schools have experimented with later start times and seen promising results. Students reported feeling more alert, and teachers noticed improvements in both behavior and focus. Despite this, changes are slow to implement, largely due to concerns about transportation, extracurricular schedules, and resistance from some parents and school officials. Understanding teen sleep patterns isn’t about making excuses. It’s about recognizing a real biological need. Ignoring it not only affects learning but can also harm emotional well-being. By aligning school policies with scientific findings, we may improve both education and mental health outcomes for young people.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題：
Teenagers are often criticized for staying up late and sleeping in, but science shows there’s a biological reason behind this pattern. During adolescence, the brain’s internal clock shifts. Teens naturally begin to feel sleepy later at night—sometimes not until 11 p.m. or even midnight. At the same time, they still need around eight to ten hours of sleep for healthy development. This shift in sleep cycle, known as “delayed sleep phase,” often clashes with early school schedules. Many schools start before 8 a.m., which means students are frequently forced to function while still sleep-deprived. Studies have linked sleep deprivation in teens to poorer academic performance, increased irritability, and even higher rates of depression and anxiety.
Some schools have experimented with later start times and seen promising results. Students reported feeling more alert, and teachers noticed improvements in both behavior and focus. Despite this, changes are slow to implement, largely due to concerns about transportation, extracurricular schedules, and resistance from some parents and school officials. Understanding teen sleep patterns isn’t about making excuses. It’s about recognizing a real biological need. Ignoring it not only affects learning but can also harm emotional well-being. By aligning school policies with scientific findings, we may improve both education and mental health outcomes for young people.
Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage?
- A Informative and supportive.
- B Dismissive and skeptical.
- C Indifferent and impersonal.
- D Argumentative and accusatory.
思路引導 VIP
請先看看文章第一段作者用了什麼樣的依據（如科學研究、生理時鐘）來解釋青少年的晚睡現象？接著再看文章最後三句話，作者對於「延後上學時間」以及「理解青少年睡眠需求」抱持著正面贊同還是反對批評的立場呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
作者語氣與態度判讀
太棒了，你的語感非常敏銳，精準抓到了作者寫作時的態度！這題考的是閱讀測驗中常見的「作者語氣（tone）」判斷。文章第一段客觀引用科學研究，解釋青少年因「睡眠相位後移（delayed sleep phase）」導致晚睡的生理機制，以及睡眠剝奪（sleep deprivation）對身心的影響，這展現了提供資訊的（informative）特質；而第二段末句呼籲將學校政策與科學發現結合，強調這並非找藉口，而是正視生理需求，則明顯流露出對青少年處境與延後上學政策的支持（supportive），因此選 (A) 完全正確。 在地方特考四等的英文閱讀中，語氣題屬於中等偏易但具基本鑑別度的題型。解題關鍵在於同時掌握「字彙語意」與「文章首尾的立場」。其他選項如 (B) 輕視且懷疑的（dismissive and skeptical）、(C) 冷漠且不帶感情的（indifferent and impersonal），以及 (D) 好爭辯且指責的（argumentative and accusatory），都與文中溫和說理、引用實證並替青少年發聲的立論方向背道而馳。只要平時多累積這類描述態度的形容詞，這類題目就能成為你穩拿分數的囊中物！
英文閱讀：語氣判讀法
💡 透過文章關鍵詞與論點立場，辨識作者的態度與情感色彩。
| 比較維度 | 正向/支持語氣 (Supportive) | VS | 負向/批判語氣 (Critical) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 用詞特點 | promising, improve | — | criticize, skeptical |
| 文章目的 | 提出建議、支持改革 | — | 指出錯誤、表示懷疑 |
| 對待議題態度 | 同理、建設性 | — | 質疑、不屑、反對 |
💬本題作者引用科學研究支持延後上學，並提出正面結果，故選支持與資訊性。
