中國醫藥大學（後中醫）
114年
英文
第 40 題
📖 題組：
IV. Reading Comprehension Questions 36-50: Choose the BEST answer to each question below according to what is stated and implied in the following passages. Passage A This survey study examined the availability and types of survivorship services for adult-onset cancer across ACS CoC–accredited programs, which provide cancer care to 75% of U.S. patients. The findings highlight both widespread availability of certain services and significant gaps, identifying areas for improvement. Establishing this national benchmark enables tracking progress and assessing new approaches in survivorship care. Despite being recognized as an essential phase of cancer treatment, survivorship care remains underdeveloped. Nearly 90% of programs offer screening for new or recurrent cancers and specialty referrals for late-effect management. However, services such as cancer genetics counseling, fertility, and sexual health support are less available, despite patient-reported importance. Additionally, few programs offer patient support groups, fitness programs, or educational series, largely due to lack of insurance reimbursement. These findings align with a 2024 study by Anampa-Guzmán et al., which also noted the underrepresentation of genetic counseling and fertility services. Survivorship care plans and treatment summaries are intended to provide critical health information to survivors and practitioners. While recent studies question their value due to high resource demands, over 90% of programs still provide them, suggesting either perceived benefits or the lingering effects of accreditation requirements. Most programs integrate survivorship care within the cancer treatment team, while only one-third offer specialized survivorship clinics. This contrasts with pediatric oncology, where late-effects clinics are standard. Specialized clinics are more common in comprehensive cancer centers than in community-based settings. The American Society of Clinical Oncology supports a disease- and treatment-specific survivorship model, which may be more practical for adult-onset cancers given their higher prevalence. Further research is needed to determine optimal care models based on cancer type, age, and risk factors. Institutional support for survivorship programs remains limited. Programs report lacking funding, dedicated staff, marketing, philanthropy, and technological infrastructure. The most needed resources include dedicated advanced practice clinicians (APCs), improved IT support, and greater internal visibility. Surprisingly, acquiring survivorship physicians, external marketing, research, and philanthropy were lower priorities. Although nearly 90% of programs recognize the benefits of survivorship services, only a minority of patients receive them. The primary barriers are low referral rates from oncologists and limited patient awareness. Addressing these issues requires institutional investment in staff, enhancements to electronic health record systems, better patient education materials, and clearer referral protocols. Research is needed to evaluate the impact of these initiatives. Many findings align with qualitative studies of U.S. survivorship programs, such as those by Manne and Nekhlyudov, which also reported variations in services and clinical models. While some programs leverage electronic health records for communication, enhanced modules for treatment summaries are underutilized. Critical resources include sustainable funding, informatics for tracking outcomes, and institutional backing to develop viable business plans. This study provides quantitative insights using data from nearly 400 CoC-accredited programs, reflecting the diversity of cancer care in the U.S. Future research adopting both quantitative and qualitative methodologies is strongly advised.
IV. Reading Comprehension Questions 36-50: Choose the BEST answer to each question below according to what is stated and implied in the following passages. Passage A This survey study examined the availability and types of survivorship services for adult-onset cancer across ACS CoC–accredited programs, which provide cancer care to 75% of U.S. patients. The findings highlight both widespread availability of certain services and significant gaps, identifying areas for improvement. Establishing this national benchmark enables tracking progress and assessing new approaches in survivorship care. Despite being recognized as an essential phase of cancer treatment, survivorship care remains underdeveloped. Nearly 90% of programs offer screening for new or recurrent cancers and specialty referrals for late-effect management. However, services such as cancer genetics counseling, fertility, and sexual health support are less available, despite patient-reported importance. Additionally, few programs offer patient support groups, fitness programs, or educational series, largely due to lack of insurance reimbursement. These findings align with a 2024 study by Anampa-Guzmán et al., which also noted the underrepresentation of genetic counseling and fertility services. Survivorship care plans and treatment summaries are intended to provide critical health information to survivors and practitioners. While recent studies question their value due to high resource demands, over 90% of programs still provide them, suggesting either perceived benefits or the lingering effects of accreditation requirements. Most programs integrate survivorship care within the cancer treatment team, while only one-third offer specialized survivorship clinics. This contrasts with pediatric oncology, where late-effects clinics are standard. Specialized clinics are more common in comprehensive cancer centers than in community-based settings. The American Society of Clinical Oncology supports a disease- and treatment-specific survivorship model, which may be more practical for adult-onset cancers given their higher prevalence. Further research is needed to determine optimal care models based on cancer type, age, and risk factors. Institutional support for survivorship programs remains limited. Programs report lacking funding, dedicated staff, marketing, philanthropy, and technological infrastructure. The most needed resources include dedicated advanced practice clinicians (APCs), improved IT support, and greater internal visibility. Surprisingly, acquiring survivorship physicians, external marketing, research, and philanthropy were lower priorities. Although nearly 90% of programs recognize the benefits of survivorship services, only a minority of patients receive them. The primary barriers are low referral rates from oncologists and limited patient awareness. Addressing these issues requires institutional investment in staff, enhancements to electronic health record systems, better patient education materials, and clearer referral protocols. Research is needed to evaluate the impact of these initiatives. Many findings align with qualitative studies of U.S. survivorship programs, such as those by Manne and Nekhlyudov, which also reported variations in services and clinical models. While some programs leverage electronic health records for communication, enhanced modules for treatment summaries are underutilized. Critical resources include sustainable funding, informatics for tracking outcomes, and institutional backing to develop viable business plans. This study provides quantitative insights using data from nearly 400 CoC-accredited programs, reflecting the diversity of cancer care in the U.S. Future research adopting both quantitative and qualitative methodologies is strongly advised.
According to the passage, which of the following is true about survivorship care programs?
- A Setting up national standards for their assessment is crucial.
- B The ideal care models need not be specialized ones.
- C Most hospitals prioritize recruiting qualified practitioners for the programs.
- D Computerized health records and treatment summaries are widely used.
思路引導 VIP
如果你想比較兩家不同醫療機構提供的服務好壞，但每家機構對「成功」的定義和評分方式都完全不同，我們會面臨什麼樣的問題？為了讓所有患者都能獲得高品質的保障，我們需要建立什麼樣的共識？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到文章中關於「存活照護計畫（survivorship care programs）」的核心訴求，展現了優異的閱讀理解與重點擷取能力。這題的正確答案選 (A) 是因為文中強調了雖然目前存在各種照護模式，但普遍面臨成效難以衡量的挑戰；因此，建立全國性的評估標準（national standards for assessment）對於確保照護品質與後續的成效追蹤至關重要。
資訊篩選與深度判讀
這道題目具有相當的鑑別度，難度切入點在於區分「目前的現狀」與「文中強調的需求」。選項中可能包含一些看似合理、實則文中未提及或與現實狀況不符的敘述（例如電子化紀錄的普及程度）。你必須敏銳地排除掉那些「過度擴張」的選項，鎖定文章中明確指出「迫切需要」的關鍵改進方向，這說明你對文章脈絡的掌握非常扎實，沒有被干擾選項迷惑。