hce_nchu
114年
化學
第 9 題
A researcher is studying an enzyme-catalyzed reaction and observes that adding a certain compound decreases the reaction rate without affecting the substrate binding at the active site. Which mechanism most likely explains this observation?
- A The compound increases substrate affinity.
- B The compound stabilizes the enzyme's active form.
- C The compound induces a conformational change, reducing enzyme activity.
- D The compound decreases the reaction rate by irreversibly inhibiting the enzyme.
- E The compound physically blocks the active site, preventing substrate binding.
思路引導 VIP
想像你正在使用一把剪刀剪紙,如果有人沒有搶走你的紙,也沒有塞住剪刀的刃口,卻讓剪刀變得非常難剪、效率極低,你覺得他可能對剪刀的哪個部分做了什麼樣的物理變動?這跟酵素結構的變化有什麼相似之處?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了!你能精準捕捉到題目中的關鍵資訊並選出 (C),代表你對酵素動力學與抑制機制的概念掌握得相當紮實。這道題目測試的是我們區分「結合能力」與「催化效率」的能力,是生化領域中非常經典的觀念點。
構型改變與異位調節
當一個化合物降低反應速率,卻不影響受質(substrate)與活性位點(active site)的結合時,這明確指向了非競爭性抑制(non-competitive inhibition)的特徵。在這種機制下,抑制劑通常結合在酵素的非活性位點(即異位位點),進而引發酵素整體的構型改變(conformational change)。雖然受質依然能順利進入活性位點,但因為酵素結構微調後導致催化功能受損,使得最大反應速率 $V_{max}$ 下降,反應因此變慢。
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