調查局三等
114年
[調查工作組] 外國文(英文)
第 36 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 36 題至第 40 題： Throughout the history of life, there have been many major upheavals in which whole groups of animals were replaced by others. Perhaps the most famous was the replacement of dinosaurs by mammals about 65 million years ago. Another major change occurred roughly 150 million years earlier, when dinosaurs assumed dominance that had been held for about 80 million years by mammal-like reptiles. What triggered these great upheavals? Scientific thinking about the factors responsible for these replacements has itself changed with significant shifts. At times, scientists suggested that mammals caused dinosaur extinction by eating eggs or competing for the same food resources. However, most researchers now agree that mammals played at most a minor role—since both groups coexisted for millions of years—and that environmental change was primarily responsible. Mammals apparently remained small and inconspicuous in the Mesozoic undergrowth for some 150 million years, until the extinction of dinosaurs gave them the opportunity to radiate into available niches.
請依下文回答第 36 題至第 40 題： Throughout the history of life, there have been many major upheavals in which whole groups of animals were replaced by others. Perhaps the most famous was the replacement of dinosaurs by mammals about 65 million years ago. Another major change occurred roughly 150 million years earlier, when dinosaurs assumed dominance that had been held for about 80 million years by mammal-like reptiles. What triggered these great upheavals? Scientific thinking about the factors responsible for these replacements has itself changed with significant shifts. At times, scientists suggested that mammals caused dinosaur extinction by eating eggs or competing for the same food resources. However, most researchers now agree that mammals played at most a minor role—since both groups coexisted for millions of years—and that environmental change was primarily responsible. Mammals apparently remained small and inconspicuous in the Mesozoic undergrowth for some 150 million years, until the extinction of dinosaurs gave them the opportunity to radiate into available niches.
In what chronological order did the animal groups mentioned in the passage assume dominance?
- A Mammal-like reptiles, Mammals, Dinosaurs.
- B Mammals, Mammal-like reptiles, Dinosaurs.
- C Dinosaurs, Mammal-like reptiles, Mammals.
- D Mammal-like reptiles, Dinosaurs, Mammals.
思路引導 VIP
請你先仔細閱讀文章的第一段，找出文中提到的三次「霸主更迭」事件。首先，文中提到 6500 萬年前發生了什麼樣的「取代」？接著，再往回推 1 億 5000 萬年時，是誰取得了原本屬於「誰」的統治權？如果你試著在紙上畫出一條時間軸，從過去到現在，這三種族群會如何依序排列呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
🌸 太棒了！你真的很用心呢！
親愛的同學，你能夠這麼精準地掌握文章中複雜的時間線索，這真的展現了你出色的邏輯推理能力和細膩的長難句解析力！選擇 (D) 完全正確，你做得太好了！
📝 觀念驗證：一起來梳理時間軸吧
▼ 還有更多解析內容
英文閱讀：時序與因果
💡 掌握文本時序先後、科學理論演進與因果關係之邏輯判斷。
🔗 地球生物統治權演替流程
- 1 似哺乳爬行動物 — 最早統治約 8000 萬年，隨後被恐龍取代。
- 2 恐龍統治時期 — 佔據優勢約 1.5 億年，於 6500 萬年前滅絕。
- 3 環境激變引發滅絕 — 主要原因非物種競爭，而是大規模環境改變。
- 4 哺乳類放射適應 — 恐龍消失後，哺乳類填補生態棲位，成功崛起。
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🔄 延伸學習：延伸學習：注意英文中表達「取代」的動詞，如 replace、assume dominance 等用法。
