司法三等（法官）
114年
[公職法醫師] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 46 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public. Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations. Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination. However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public. Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations. Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination. However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.
Which of the following titles best describes this passage?
- A Pollinators and Their Natural Habitats.
- B Causes for Declining Bee Populations.
- C Pollinators and Their Contribution to Food Production.
- D Measures for Keeping Bees from Becoming Endangered.
思路引導 VIP
請試著掃描第二、三、四段的第一句話，找找看有沒有重複出現的關鍵字（例如：drivers, effects, causes）？如果要把這些段落討論的「棲地喪失」、「殺蟲劑」和「管理缺失」歸納成一個總類別，你覺得這是在說明一個現象的「貢獻」，還是探討它的「成因」呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
呵呵呵... 恭喜你，孩子。你的判斷很正確喔。（眼睛反光了一下）
- 觀念驗證：讓老夫來為你分析看看吧，呵呵呵。你看這篇文章的脈絡，其實非常清楚呢，呵呵呵... 第一段先點出蜜蜂的重要性，還有牠們族群下降 (decline) 的現象，對吧？接著的第二到第四段，則是詳細闡述了各種人為因素 (anthropogenic drivers)，像是棲地破壞、氣候變遷、農藥影響等等，都是導致此問題的原因喔，呵呵呵。雖然文章最後提到了解決之道，但整體的重點，還是放在『蜜蜂為什麼會越來越少』這個核心問題上呢。你掌握得很好，呵呵呵。
- 難度點評：這題的難度嘛... 這題算是 Medium 等級的考題喔。你答對了，很不錯呢。選項 (A) (C) 只是鋪陳，(D) 則是文章末尾的呼籲，很容易讓人分心喔，呵呵呵。重要的是，你必須要學會整合整篇文章的各段主旨，才不會被零碎的細節給迷惑了呢。你做到了，真的做得很好。（下巴動了動，呵呵呵。）