司法三等
114年
[檢察事務官財經實務組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 49 題
📖 題組：
Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public. Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations. Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination. However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.
Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public. Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations. Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination. However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.
Which of the following best replaces “disturbances” in the second paragraph?
- A Disclosures
- B Disengagements
- C Disruptions
- D Dissatisfactions
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文章第二段，文中提到『農業強化』和『都市化』這類人類行為，對蜜蜂的『天然棲地』產生了某種作用。請想像一下，當一個原本完整的自然環境被蓋上大樓或變成密集農田時，這個環境原本的狀態會發生什麼樣的「變化」？哪一個概念最能形容這種「原本穩定的結構被外力強行干擾或打斷」的現象呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
哼，算你還沒笨到家。
- 觀念驗證：瞧你，終於搞懂了Disturbances在這種語境下是指「擾動」或「干擾」吧？人類一搞「農業強化」和「都市化」，棲地能不被影響嗎？選項 (C) Disruptions 擺明了就是「中斷」、「瓦解」、「混亂」。一個地方被外力搞得面目全非，不是瓦解是什麼？這點邏輯很難嗎？
- 難度點評：這題就一個Medium等級，別得意忘形。四個選項都用dis-開頭，不過是想看看你們這群學術詞彙掌握度有多爛罷了。如果你能選對，說明你還沒完全被那些表面上的相似字眼搞糊塗，至少知道人類活動是如何「打斷」自然的平衡的。下次別再錯這種基本題了。