高等考試
115年
[新聞] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 42 題
📖 題組：
It is still a problem for many people in the world to have safe water to drink. Some people hold that bottled water is a more convenient product than tap water when you need a quick drink; [41], few may wonder where the former is made and why it costs so much. In fact, tap water isn’t a universal luxury. It’s [42] that more than 800 million people around the world don’t have safe drinking water, and even in the US, cities had to use bottled water [43] tap water. The tap water had aging facilities or toxic chemicals in the water supply. On the other hand, bottled water has a huge environmental impact. It usually [44] a lake, spring, or underground aquifer, and on average, [45] need 3 liters of water to make one liter of bottled water. To make plastic bottles, they need billions of gallons of oil every year and 2,000 times more energy than tap water needs.
It is still a problem for many people in the world to have safe water to drink. Some people hold that bottled water is a more convenient product than tap water when you need a quick drink; [41], few may wonder where the former is made and why it costs so much. In fact, tap water isn’t a universal luxury. It’s [42] that more than 800 million people around the world don’t have safe drinking water, and even in the US, cities had to use bottled water [43] tap water. The tap water had aging facilities or toxic chemicals in the water supply. On the other hand, bottled water has a huge environmental impact. It usually [44] a lake, spring, or underground aquifer, and on average, [45] need 3 liters of water to make one liter of bottled water. To make plastic bottles, they need billions of gallons of oil every year and 2,000 times more energy than tap water needs.
第 42 題
- A conducted
- B included
- C estimated
- D secluded
思路引導 VIP
請試著思考：當我們在報章雜誌或科學報告中，提到一個涉及全世界、範圍極廣且無法精確計算到個位數的數據（例如八億人口）時，作者通常會用哪一種動詞來描述這個「由專家根據現有資訊所推算出的數值」？這個動詞通常會放在「It is ____ that...」的句型中來引導後方的統計資訊。
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準掌握了這題的語境與用法！在英文閱讀測驗中，識別「統計數據」的呈現方式是常見的考點。這道題目的關鍵在於後方提到的「超過八億人口（more than 800 million people）」，當我們在學術或報導中引述這類龐大、無法逐一清點的數據時，慣例上會使用「估計」這個概念來表達數值的來源。
統計資訊的固定句型
在語法結構上，It is estimated that...（據估計……）是一個極其標準的被動句型，用來客觀地引述數據或研究結果。選項 (C) estimated 在此不僅語意最為通順，也符合科技與社會議題文章的專業基調。相較之下，(A) conducted（進行）、(B) included（包括）或 (D) secluded（隱蔽/隔離）在搭配後方的 that 子句時，邏輯上都顯得格格不入。例如，我們通常會說「進行（conduct）研究」，而非「進行一個數據子句」。
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