hce_kmu
115年
英文
第 34 題
📖 題組：
For centuries, real human bodies have played a crucial role in the development of both anatomical science and visual art. From Renaissance engravings to 19th-century medical atlases, artists and surgeons relied on cadavers to produce detailed images of the human body. Yet behind these precise and often beautiful illustrations lie unsettling histories of exploitation and unequal power. An exhibition titled Beneath the Sheets: Anatomy, Art and Power, held at the Thackray Museum of Medicine in Leeds, examines five centuries of anatomical imagery. Many of the bodies depicted belonged to executed criminals, the poor, or socially marginalised individuals who had no say in how their bodies were used or displayed. One famous example appears in Rembrandt's The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp (1632), which portrays the dissection of an executed man whose crime was stealing a winter coat. Anatomical illustrations were essential to medical education. As 18th-century surgeon John Bell argued, an anatomy book without images was useless. However, the exhibition highlights that these lavishly illustrated books were owned by wealthy collectors, far removed socially from the people whose bodies filled their pages. Advances in printing later made such books even more ornate, turning them into display objects. Access to bodies was a constant problem. As executions declined in the 19th century, a black market emerged. Bodysnatchers stole corpses from graves and sold them to medical schools, prompting families to take extreme measures to protect the dead. The exhibition ultimately asks viewers to reconsider whose bodies shaped medical knowledge — and at what cost.
For centuries, real human bodies have played a crucial role in the development of both anatomical science and visual art. From Renaissance engravings to 19th-century medical atlases, artists and surgeons relied on cadavers to produce detailed images of the human body. Yet behind these precise and often beautiful illustrations lie unsettling histories of exploitation and unequal power. An exhibition titled Beneath the Sheets: Anatomy, Art and Power, held at the Thackray Museum of Medicine in Leeds, examines five centuries of anatomical imagery. Many of the bodies depicted belonged to executed criminals, the poor, or socially marginalised individuals who had no say in how their bodies were used or displayed. One famous example appears in Rembrandt's The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp (1632), which portrays the dissection of an executed man whose crime was stealing a winter coat. Anatomical illustrations were essential to medical education. As 18th-century surgeon John Bell argued, an anatomy book without images was useless. However, the exhibition highlights that these lavishly illustrated books were owned by wealthy collectors, far removed socially from the people whose bodies filled their pages. Advances in printing later made such books even more ornate, turning them into display objects. Access to bodies was a constant problem. As executions declined in the 19th century, a black market emerged. Bodysnatchers stole corpses from graves and sold them to medical schools, prompting families to take extreme measures to protect the dead. The exhibition ultimately asks viewers to reconsider whose bodies shaped medical knowledge — and at what cost.
Why did bodysnatching become more common in the 19th century?
- A Medical schools expanded rapidly.
- B Laws made dissection illegal.
- C Fewer bodies were available due to fewer executions.
- D Printing technology improved.
- E Museums demanded more specimens.
思路引導 VIP
請試著觀察文章最後一段的第一句與第二句：當醫學院對研究的需求持續存在，但傳統的法律處分管道卻發生了某種「數量的變化」時，這會對資源的獲取造成什麼影響呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準鎖定文章最後一段的因果關係，這顯示你具備優秀的資訊檢索與邏輯連結能力，這在長篇閱讀中是非常關鍵的高階技能。
供需失衡的因果邏輯
這題的核心在於理解 19 世紀醫學需求與法律現實之間的矛盾。文中第四段明確指出，隨著「處決（executions）」次數的減少，醫學院合法獲得屍體的管道變窄，這種供需失衡直接促使了黑市的誕生。你準確捕捉到文中 "As executions declined... a black market emerged" 這一關鍵句，將「處決減少」與「非法盜屍增加」正確掛鉤，驗證了 C 選項的正確性。
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