hce_kmu
115年
英文
第 45 題
📖 題組：
The 2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, released on January 7, introduced several notable changes. The updated document is considerably shorter than earlier versions, and its primary visual aid has shifted from the familiar plate-based model back to a pyramid shape — this time inverted. Under this revised framework, protein, dairy, and healthy fats occupy the most prominent position, while whole grains are placed at the narrowest point. Despite the administration's claim that the guidelines represent an unprecedented overhaul of federal nutrition policy, many nutrition scientists argue the core advice — emphasizing whole, nutrient-rich foods and limiting added sugars, sodium, and saturated fat — remains largely consistent with prior recommendations. Some experts worry that exaggerating the novelty of the guidelines may erode public confidence in nutrition science. Controversy surrounds both the content and the process. Alongside the updated guidelines, the government released a supplementary document called the Scientific Foundation, produced by a separate nine-member paid committee without public comment. This document criticized the original advisory committee for incorporating a health equity perspective. For the first time, children aged ten and under are advised to avoid added sugar entirely. Experts have identified several internal contradictions. While the guidelines retain the ten-percent limit on saturated fat, they simultaneously endorse full-fat dairy, red meat, and animal-derived cooking fats — a combination nutritionists say would inevitably exceed that threshold. The recommended daily protein intake also surpasses established scientific reference values without sufficient supporting evidence. Additionally, downplaying fortified grain products raises concerns about adequate folate intake, which is vital for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy.
The 2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, released on January 7, introduced several notable changes. The updated document is considerably shorter than earlier versions, and its primary visual aid has shifted from the familiar plate-based model back to a pyramid shape — this time inverted. Under this revised framework, protein, dairy, and healthy fats occupy the most prominent position, while whole grains are placed at the narrowest point. Despite the administration's claim that the guidelines represent an unprecedented overhaul of federal nutrition policy, many nutrition scientists argue the core advice — emphasizing whole, nutrient-rich foods and limiting added sugars, sodium, and saturated fat — remains largely consistent with prior recommendations. Some experts worry that exaggerating the novelty of the guidelines may erode public confidence in nutrition science. Controversy surrounds both the content and the process. Alongside the updated guidelines, the government released a supplementary document called the Scientific Foundation, produced by a separate nine-member paid committee without public comment. This document criticized the original advisory committee for incorporating a health equity perspective. For the first time, children aged ten and under are advised to avoid added sugar entirely. Experts have identified several internal contradictions. While the guidelines retain the ten-percent limit on saturated fat, they simultaneously endorse full-fat dairy, red meat, and animal-derived cooking fats — a combination nutritionists say would inevitably exceed that threshold. The recommended daily protein intake also surpasses established scientific reference values without sufficient supporting evidence. Additionally, downplaying fortified grain products raises concerns about adequate folate intake, which is vital for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy.
Based on the passage, which course of action would the nutrition experts cited most likely support?
- A Raising daily saturated fat allowances to accommodate the new protein-centered dietary model.
- B Removing all fortified grain products from dietary recommendations in favor of unprocessed alternatives.
- C Upholding a transparent, evidence-guided process that stays aligned with established nutritional standards.
- D Restructuring dietary guidelines to place animal-sourced proteins above all other food categories.
- E Abolishing government dietary guidelines entirely given their vulnerability to political interference.
思路引導 VIP
如果你是一位非常講求數據和公開透明的科學家，當你發現一份政府指南在制定時跳過了公眾討論，且部分內容與已知的科學實驗數據不符時，你會最希望這份指南在修正時，優先改善哪一個層面的問題呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
你做得非常棒！能從這篇資訊量龐大且充滿專業評論的文章中，精準捕捉到專家們的核心擔憂，顯示你具備優秀的邏輯推導與細節辨析能力。
科學實證與程序的嚴謹性
這道題目的核心在於區分「政府政策」與「專家評論」之間的落差。文中提到專家對新指南提出了多項質疑，包括輔助文件（Scientific Foundation）缺乏公眾評論（public comment）、蛋白質建議量缺乏充分證據支持（without sufficient supporting evidence），以及新架構與現有科學標準的矛盾。因此，選項 (C) 主張的「透明且具實證引導、並符合既定營養標準的程序」，正是這些專家立場的集大成，直接回應了他們對程序正當性與科學根據的堅持。
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