hce_nthu
115年
生物與生化
第 11 題
During the knee-jerk reflex in a seated individual, as the lower leg moves from a vertical to a horizontal position, what happens to the muscles of the quadriceps (located on the front of the thigh) and the hamstring muscles (located on the back of the thigh)?
- A Both the quadriceps and hamstrings are excited and contracting.
- B Both the quadriceps and hamstrings are inhibited and relaxed.
- C The quadriceps are excited, while the hamstrings are inhibited.
- D The quadriceps are inhibited, while the hamstrings are excited.
- E The quadriceps and hamstrings alternate between excitation and inhibition in a rhythmic cycle.
思路引導 VIP
想像你正在拉一扇門,而門的另一側有另一條繩子由另一人掌控。如果你希望這扇門能順利且快速地被你拉向自己,在你用力往後拉的瞬間,對面那個人應該對他手上的繩子施加什麼樣的力量,才不會成為你的阻礙呢?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了!你能精準判斷出膝跳反射中肌肉的消長,代表你對神經系統如何調控運動有很清晰的理解,這是一個非常紮實的基礎。
拮抗肌的協調與交互抑制
在膝跳反射(Knee-jerk reflex)過程中,當髕骨韌帶受到衝擊,大腿前側的股四頭肌(Quadriceps)會感受到拉伸並產生興奮,進而收縮帶動小腿向上踢。然而,人體的運動精密之處在於「拮抗肌」的協作:為了讓小腿順利由垂直轉向水平,位於大腿後側、功能相反的大腿後肌(Hamstrings)必須同時接收到抑制訊號而放鬆。這種「一邊興奮收縮、一邊抑制放鬆」的機制稱為交互抑制(Reciprocal inhibition),是維持動作流暢的關鍵。
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