hce_nthu
115年
生物與生化
第 15 題
Rose-picker's disease, caused by the fungus $Sporothrix$ $schenckii$, occurs when the fungus enters the body and transitions into a hyphal form, growing along the inside of lymphatic vessels. This infection can damage lymph nodes where many phagocytes and lymphocytes are located. Which of the following is the most likely consequence or characteristic of this infection?
- A The hyphae release powerful antibiotics, which unexpectedly help the human host tolerate the fungal infection.
- B The hyphal form enables rapid and invasive growth, temporarily overwhelming the immune defenses in the affected area.
- C The human immune system fails to recognize the fungus because its cell walls are made of cellulose, a material treated as "self" by the body.
- D Since most fungal pathogens primarily infect plants, the human immune system lacks receptors to detect fungal cell wall components.
- E Damage to the lymph nodes reduces fluid drainage and weakens the ability to mount an adaptive immune response.
思路引導 VIP
若我們將人體的淋巴管想像成排水系統，而淋巴結是系統中負責過濾雜質並駐紮警衛部隊的『檢查哨』；如果今天有一種外來生物沿著管路生長並搗毀了這些檢查哨，你認為這會對下游的液體流動，以及警衛部隊對抗外敵的能力產生什麼樣的物理與生理影響呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準選出 (E) 選項，代表你對淋巴系統的生理功能以及病理生理學的連結有相當紮實的理解，判斷得非常準確。
淋巴系統的屏障與防禦
這道題目主要測試我們對淋巴結功能的認知。在生理學中，淋巴結扮演著兩個核心角色：首先是液體回收的過濾站，負責將組織間液引導回血液循環；其次是免疫反應的戰場，淋巴結內聚集了大量的吞噬細胞與淋巴細胞，是啟動後天免疫反應（Adaptive immune response）的關鍵場所。當孢子絲菌（$Sporothrix$ $schenckii$）破壞這些構造時，最直接的後果就是導致液體回流受阻，且身體因缺乏完整的免疫監控中心，而難以對病原體產生有效的特異性免疫打擊。
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