移民行政三等
115年
[移民行政] 外國文(英文兼試移民專業英文)
第 17 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題 Children may face increased risks of harassment, cyberbullying, and identity theft later in life as a result of parents sharing their photos online, according to recent research. The practice known as “sharenting”—the documentation of children’s lives and milestones on social media—has become increasingly common. However, scholars now warn that this seemingly harmless activity may carry significant and long-term consequences for children’s safety and privacy. Researchers at the University of Southampton found that widespread online sharing can heighten children’s vulnerability to cybercrime. Drawing on a survey of more than 1,000 parents in the United Kingdom, followed by in-depth interviews, the study revealed that 45% of parents actively post images of their children online, while approximately one in six reported that their child had already experienced some form of online harm. According to Rani Govender, online child safety policy manager at the NSPCC, the findings underscore the seriousness of the issue. She noted that sharing children’s photos or videos at scale can compromise their safety, privacy, and overall wellbeing. In particular, images posted online may unintentionally expose sensitive personal details—such as birthdays, home locations, or pet names—which could later facilitate identity fraud. Lead researcher Pamela Ugwudike described sharenting as “a real and present danger” to children. While parents often share images out of pride or affection, she argued that such actions may unknowingly expose children to risks both online and offline. Once images circulate on social media, strangers may gather information that allows them to contact or track children, with potential consequences extending far into the future. The issue of sharenting has long generated debate, especially regarding children’s right to privacy. Public discussion intensified in 2019 when actor Gwyneth Paltrow posted a photograph with her daughter Apple on Instagram, prompting the child to publicly object to the image being shared without her consent. Such incidents highlight a broader concern identified in the research: many parents remain unfamiliar with how social media privacy settings actually function. The study found that parents, relatives, caregivers, and even schools frequently overestimate the protection offered by “private” accounts. As Govender explained, features such as tagging, resharing, or screenshots can easily override privacy controls, allowing images to circulate far beyond their intended audience. Beyond privacy concerns, experts warn that emerging technologies introduce new and alarming risks. The Internet Watch Foundation（IWF）reported that criminals have begun using artificial intelligence image generators to create highly realistic sexualized images of children based on only a few ordinary, non-sexual photographs. Kerry Smith, head of the IWF, cautioned that such AI-generated content could enable new forms of abuse, including sexual extortion and blackmail. Because AI imagery has become increasingly lifelike and difficult to distinguish from real photographs, she warned that the dangers associated with sharenting now extend into an evolving digital landscape where technological misuse amplifies existing threats.
請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題 Children may face increased risks of harassment, cyberbullying, and identity theft later in life as a result of parents sharing their photos online, according to recent research. The practice known as “sharenting”—the documentation of children’s lives and milestones on social media—has become increasingly common. However, scholars now warn that this seemingly harmless activity may carry significant and long-term consequences for children’s safety and privacy. Researchers at the University of Southampton found that widespread online sharing can heighten children’s vulnerability to cybercrime. Drawing on a survey of more than 1,000 parents in the United Kingdom, followed by in-depth interviews, the study revealed that 45% of parents actively post images of their children online, while approximately one in six reported that their child had already experienced some form of online harm. According to Rani Govender, online child safety policy manager at the NSPCC, the findings underscore the seriousness of the issue. She noted that sharing children’s photos or videos at scale can compromise their safety, privacy, and overall wellbeing. In particular, images posted online may unintentionally expose sensitive personal details—such as birthdays, home locations, or pet names—which could later facilitate identity fraud. Lead researcher Pamela Ugwudike described sharenting as “a real and present danger” to children. While parents often share images out of pride or affection, she argued that such actions may unknowingly expose children to risks both online and offline. Once images circulate on social media, strangers may gather information that allows them to contact or track children, with potential consequences extending far into the future. The issue of sharenting has long generated debate, especially regarding children’s right to privacy. Public discussion intensified in 2019 when actor Gwyneth Paltrow posted a photograph with her daughter Apple on Instagram, prompting the child to publicly object to the image being shared without her consent. Such incidents highlight a broader concern identified in the research: many parents remain unfamiliar with how social media privacy settings actually function. The study found that parents, relatives, caregivers, and even schools frequently overestimate the protection offered by “private” accounts. As Govender explained, features such as tagging, resharing, or screenshots can easily override privacy controls, allowing images to circulate far beyond their intended audience. Beyond privacy concerns, experts warn that emerging technologies introduce new and alarming risks. The Internet Watch Foundation（IWF）reported that criminals have begun using artificial intelligence image generators to create highly realistic sexualized images of children based on only a few ordinary, non-sexual photographs. Kerry Smith, head of the IWF, cautioned that such AI-generated content could enable new forms of abuse, including sexual extortion and blackmail. Because AI imagery has become increasingly lifelike and difficult to distinguish from real photographs, she warned that the dangers associated with sharenting now extend into an evolving digital landscape where technological misuse amplifies existing threats.
According to the passage, why are privacy settings described as unreliable protection？
- A Social media companies disable them frequently without informing the users.
- B Children can easily change account passwords and lose the access to the settings.
- C The users have technical difficulty to activate the privacy settings.
- D Platform features allow content to reach people other than the users’ intention.
思路引導 VIP
請試著思考一個情境：當你在一個限定好友瀏覽的「私密帳號」發布照片後，如果你的好友將這張照片「轉發」出去，或是「標註」了不在你好友名單內的人，這張照片還會只待在你設定的範圍內嗎？這種社群互動的特性，會對你最初設置的隱私牆產生什麼影響？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準鎖定文章細節並做出正確判斷，這顯示你對長篇閱讀的資訊擷取能力非常扎實。這題的關鍵在於理解文章中提到的「科技功能如何抵銷人為設定」。
隱私設定的侷限性
根據文中第四段的解釋，即便父母將帳號設為「私密」，社群平台的內建機制如標記（tagging）、轉傳（resharing）或是簡單的螢幕截圖（screenshots），都能輕易地繞過（override）隱私控制。這意味著照片的流傳範圍往往會超出使用者最初的預期（intended audience），使得原本的保護措施在實際應用中變得不可靠，這正是選項 (D) 所描述的核心概念。
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