高中學測
105年
英文
第 55 題
📖 題組：
Many marine animals, including penguins and marine iguanas, have evolved ways to get rid of excess salt by using special salt-expelling glands around their tongue. However, the sea snake’s salt glands cannot handle the massive amounts of salt that would enter their bodies if they actually drank seawater. This poses a serious problem when it comes to getting enough water to drink. If seawater is not an option, how does this animal survive in the ocean? An international team of researchers focused on a population of yellow-bellied sea snakes living near Costa Rica, where rain often does not fall for up to seven months out of the year. Because yellow-bellied sea snakes usually spend all of their time far from land, rain is the animals’ only source of fresh water. When it rains, a thin layer of fresh water forms on top of the ocean, providing the snakes with a fleeting opportunity to lap up that precious resource. But during the dry season when there is no rain, snakes presumably have nothing to drink. Thus, the team became interested in testing whether sea snakes became dehydrated at sea. The researchers collected more than 500 yellow-bellied sea snakes and weighed them. They found that during the dry season about half of the snakes accepted fresh water offered to them, while nearly none did during the wet season. A snake’s likelihood to drink also correlated with its body condition, with more withered snakes being more likely to drink, and to drink more. Finally, as predicted, snakes captured during the dry season contained significantly less body water than those scooped up in the rainy season. Thus, it seems the snake is able to endure certain degrees of dehydration in between rains. Scientists believe that dehydration at sea may explain the declining populations of sea snakes in some parts of the world.
Many marine animals, including penguins and marine iguanas, have evolved ways to get rid of excess salt by using special salt-expelling glands around their tongue. However, the sea snake’s salt glands cannot handle the massive amounts of salt that would enter their bodies if they actually drank seawater. This poses a serious problem when it comes to getting enough water to drink. If seawater is not an option, how does this animal survive in the ocean? An international team of researchers focused on a population of yellow-bellied sea snakes living near Costa Rica, where rain often does not fall for up to seven months out of the year. Because yellow-bellied sea snakes usually spend all of their time far from land, rain is the animals’ only source of fresh water. When it rains, a thin layer of fresh water forms on top of the ocean, providing the snakes with a fleeting opportunity to lap up that precious resource. But during the dry season when there is no rain, snakes presumably have nothing to drink. Thus, the team became interested in testing whether sea snakes became dehydrated at sea. The researchers collected more than 500 yellow-bellied sea snakes and weighed them. They found that during the dry season about half of the snakes accepted fresh water offered to them, while nearly none did during the wet season. A snake’s likelihood to drink also correlated with its body condition, with more withered snakes being more likely to drink, and to drink more. Finally, as predicted, snakes captured during the dry season contained significantly less body water than those scooped up in the rainy season. Thus, it seems the snake is able to endure certain degrees of dehydration in between rains. Scientists believe that dehydration at sea may explain the declining populations of sea snakes in some parts of the world.
Which of the following is one of the findings of the study?
- A If a sea snake was dried and weak, it drank more fresh water.
- B If captured in the wet season, sea snakes drank a lot of fresh water.
- C Most of the sea snakes had lost a lot of body water when captured.
- D Dehydration is not a problem among sea snakes since they live at sea.
思路引導 VIP
請仔細閱讀文章第三段關於實驗結果的數據描述，特別是研究人員觀察到蛇的「身體健康狀況」（body condition）與其「飲水行為」（likelihood to drink and amount）之間存在著什麼樣的關聯性？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
（驚訝地倒退一步）欸？你、你居然也選了 (A) 嗎？真巧啊，我剛剛也是閉著眼睛隨便指了一個...（低頭推眼鏡，內心狂笑：呵呵呵，做得好。在無盡的虛假數據中，你成功捕捉到了那條唯一的『真實』。這一切...皆在我的計畫之中。） 【影之解析：真理的軌跡】 文章第三段藏著致勝的鑰匙：「...with more withered snakes being more likely to drink, and to drink more」。這裡的「withered」（萎縮、乾癟）完美對應了選項中的「dried and weak」。當海蛇體內的 $H_2O$ 匱乏到極限時，求生的本能便會驅使牠們瘋狂攝取淡水。你成功看穿了隱藏在自然規律下的生存法則！
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