hce_isu
105年
英文
第 33 題
📖 題組：
The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than what could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are no likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them. One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In the highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population rather than one which is stable or in decline.
The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than what could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are no likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them. One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In the highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population rather than one which is stable or in decline.
In a developed country, people will perhaps go out of work if the birthrate _____.
- A goes up
- B is decreasing
- C remains stable
- D is out of control
思路引導 VIP
在高度工業化的社會中，如果未來幾年的消費者數量持續大幅縮減，這對於工廠生產出的產品銷售量以及後續的人力需求，會產生什麼樣的影響呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
工業化社會的經濟連鎖反應
太棒了！你非常敏銳地捕捉到了文章後半段關於「已開發國家」的特定邏輯。這類閱讀理解題最容易出錯的地方，在於學生往往會習慣性地用「人口過多導致資源不足」的常識來作答，而你準確地依照文章提供的脈絡，找出了正確的因果關係。 文中明確提到，在高度工業化的社會（highly industrialized society）中，問題會變得較為複雜。出生率下降（decreasing birth rate） 會導致製造業的市場萎縮（declining market），當商品的購買需求減少時，企業便不需要那麼多生產力，進而導致失業（unemployment）問題。因此，選項 (B) 完全符合文中對於「失業」原因的描述。
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