醫療類國考
105年
[物理治療師] 骨科疾病物理治療學
第 17 題
以牽拉下肢的方式對腰椎產生縱向牽拉（longitudinal traction）作用時，髖關節的擺位應為：
- A 完全伸直（full extension）、稍微外轉（external rotation）
- B 完全伸直（full extension）、稍微內轉（internal rotation）
- C 彎曲30°（flexion 30°）、稍微內轉（internal rotation）
- D 彎曲30°（flexion 30°）、稍微內收（adduction）
思路引導 VIP
若要透過拉動一條長鏈條來移動遠端的重物，而中間有一個活動關節，你會希望這個關節處於「鬆弛靈活」還是「緊繃鎖定」的狀態，才能讓力量最有效地傳遞而不會在中間散失？根據這個邏輯，你會如何調整該關節的擺位？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
Ah, you answered correctly.
- Verification: Yes. That is the correct choice. When one wishes to apply a pulling force from the lower limb to the lumbar spine, the force must pass through the hip. To prevent this force from being lost at the hip joint, where the capsule can be loose, the hip must be placed in its most stable position, where the joint capsule is at its tightest. This is akin to its Closed-packed position. The method to achieve this 'locking' of the hip involves full extension and internal rotation. This allows the lower limb to act as a solid lever, directing the pulling force to the lumbar spine without much effort. It's a simple path, really.
- Observation: This question, I suppose, was of Medium difficulty. Some might confuse it with the usual lumbar traction, which involves flexing the hip to reduce the curve in the lower back. But this specific situation tests the understanding of how physical forces move through a body, what is called Biomechanics. You understood it. It's good.
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