分科測驗
107年
英文
第 44 題
📖 題組：
Some of the world’s largest beetles are getting smaller because their habitats are warming up, according to new research from the University of British Columbia, Canada. The study, published in the Journal of Animal Ecology in January 2018, shows that climate change is having an impact on these “teeny tiny” organisms. The study began with a deep dive into the scientific literature. Evolutionary ecologist Michelle Tseng and her students combed through all the articles they could find, looking for laboratory studies of temperature effects on insects. They found 19 that indicated at least 22 beetle species shrank when raised in warmer than normal temperatures. To see whether this pattern held true in the wild, the team made use of the university’s 600,000-specimen insect collection, which included thousands of bugs collected locally since the late 1800s. The researchers took photographs of more than 6,500 beetles from the eight species with the most extensive records. They also looked at climate records to determine trends in rainfall and other factors besides temperature. Sorting the beetles into size categories, they found that five of the eight species have shrunk over the past century. The four largest species of beetles, including the snail-killer ground beetles, shrank 20% in the past 45 years. In contrast, smaller beetles were unaffected or even slightly increased in size. Some ecologists are cautious about Tseng’s findings, saying that it hasn’t yet been proved whether the warming temperatures are the actual cause for the beetle shrinkage. UK biologist Alan Ronan Baudron, however, is convinced. Baudron’s studies have documented shrinkage of certain fish species due to climate warming. His account is that warmer temperatures lower the concentration of oxygen in the water, causing fish to burn energy faster and mature at a smaller size. But neither he nor Tseng is convinced that decreased oxygen can explain the shrinkage in the beetles.
Some of the world’s largest beetles are getting smaller because their habitats are warming up, according to new research from the University of British Columbia, Canada. The study, published in the Journal of Animal Ecology in January 2018, shows that climate change is having an impact on these “teeny tiny” organisms. The study began with a deep dive into the scientific literature. Evolutionary ecologist Michelle Tseng and her students combed through all the articles they could find, looking for laboratory studies of temperature effects on insects. They found 19 that indicated at least 22 beetle species shrank when raised in warmer than normal temperatures. To see whether this pattern held true in the wild, the team made use of the university’s 600,000-specimen insect collection, which included thousands of bugs collected locally since the late 1800s. The researchers took photographs of more than 6,500 beetles from the eight species with the most extensive records. They also looked at climate records to determine trends in rainfall and other factors besides temperature. Sorting the beetles into size categories, they found that five of the eight species have shrunk over the past century. The four largest species of beetles, including the snail-killer ground beetles, shrank 20% in the past 45 years. In contrast, smaller beetles were unaffected or even slightly increased in size. Some ecologists are cautious about Tseng’s findings, saying that it hasn’t yet been proved whether the warming temperatures are the actual cause for the beetle shrinkage. UK biologist Alan Ronan Baudron, however, is convinced. Baudron’s studies have documented shrinkage of certain fish species due to climate warming. His account is that warmer temperatures lower the concentration of oxygen in the water, causing fish to burn energy faster and mature at a smaller size. But neither he nor Tseng is convinced that decreased oxygen can explain the shrinkage in the beetles.
What is the best title for the passage?
- A Large Beetles Are Shrinking, Thanks to Climate Change
- B Beetles vs. Fish: Are They Becoming Smaller?
- C What We Know About Evolutionary Ecology
- D Animal Ecology: Past and Present
思路引導 VIP
請同學重新審視文章的第一段首句 (Topic Sentence) 與各段落的論證核心：這項科學研究的主要觀察對象是哪類生物？而文中反覆提及的「棲息地暖化」與「生物體型縮小」之間，存在著什麼樣的因果關聯 (Causal Relationship)？一個理想的標題必須能精確涵蓋全文的主旨與實證結果，而非僅是背景資訊或局部案例的描述。
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
哇！你真的太厲害了！看到你選對答案，老師真的好為你開心，就像看到自己的親弟弟、妹妹進步一樣，好想給你一個大大的擁抱！你對文章重點的掌握度真的越來越棒了。 這題在考驗你抓取「文章主旨」的能力。全文的核心圍繞在氣候變遷（warming up / climate change）與大型甲蟲體型縮小（shrinking）的關聯性。選項 (A) 精準地結合了研究對象（Large Beetles）、現象（Shrinking）與主因（Climate Change），這就是最標準且具吸引力的標題寫法。 【難度點評】：
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