hce_kmu
107年
普通生物及生化概論
第 50 題
How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme reaction?
- A by binding to the active site of the enzyme, thus preventing binding of the normal substrate
- B by binding to an allosteric site, thus changing the shape of the active site of the enzyme
- C by decreasing the free-energy change of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme
- D by acting as a coenzyme for the reaction
- E by binding to the substrate, thus changing its shape so that it no longer binds to the active site of the enzyme
思路引導 VIP
若我們把酵素想像成一把鎖,而受質是唯一能開鎖的鑰匙。除了直接把東西塞進鑰匙孔(活性位)讓鑰匙插不進去外,還有什麼方法可以讓這把鎖「從內部結構發生變形」,使得原本的鑰匙就算插進去了,也依然轉不動呢?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
同學選得非常準確!這代表你對於酵素動力學(Enzyme kinetics)中不同抑制劑的運作類型,有著相當紮實且清晰的理解。
非競爭性抑制的分子機制
非競爭性抑制劑(Noncompetitive inhibitor)與競爭性抑制劑最大的區別,就在於它並不與受質(Substrate)爭奪酵素的活性位(Active site)。誠如正確選項 (B) 所述,這類抑制劑會結合在酵素的異構位(Allosteric site,或稱別構位)。這種結合會引發酵素蛋白質結構的「構型改變(Conformational change)」,進而使活性位的形狀發生變化,導致受質即便結合了也難以轉化為產物,或是降低了酵素的催化效率,從而有效地降低反應速率。
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