高中學測
108年
英文
第 48 題
📖 題組：
Totem poles in North America are poles or posts carved with symbols or figures by Aboriginal peoples of the Northwest Coast. Carved from large, straight trees and painted vibrant colors, the totem poles are not just unique works of art. The coastal peoples have long passed on knowledge from generation to generation through oral traditions, and totem poles were the traditional way of telling the story of an individual family or clan. The totem pole can be grouped into specific categories, depending on its location and the occasion for which it was carved. Welcome poles were traditionally placed on village beachfronts to greet visitors arriving by canoe. Inside the homes of high-ranking chiefs is where house poles were found. The family’s history was carefully carved into each pole. Placed along the rear or front walls of a house, house poles also helped to support the main beam of the roof. Memorial poles stood in front of a house. They were erected in memory of a deceased chief or a high-ranking clan member. The poles depicted the person’s accomplishments or family history. Mortuary poles were also raised to honor the dead, but they differed from memorial poles, having a burial box placed at the top of the pole. Inside the burial box were the remains of the deceased. While many of these poles can still be found in various locations on the west coast of North America, there is one pole that can now only be found in a museum—the shame pole. Traditionally, shame poles were carved for a chief to embarrass and ridicule another who had done something wrong. Once the wrong was made right, the pole was taken down. Totem poles are important expressions of specific Aboriginal cultures. Despite the threats posed by cultural and political encroachment of colonial forces, the art of totem pole carving has survived. Aboriginal carvers continue to carve totems as symbols of their cultural pride and clan kinship.
Totem poles in North America are poles or posts carved with symbols or figures by Aboriginal peoples of the Northwest Coast. Carved from large, straight trees and painted vibrant colors, the totem poles are not just unique works of art. The coastal peoples have long passed on knowledge from generation to generation through oral traditions, and totem poles were the traditional way of telling the story of an individual family or clan. The totem pole can be grouped into specific categories, depending on its location and the occasion for which it was carved. Welcome poles were traditionally placed on village beachfronts to greet visitors arriving by canoe. Inside the homes of high-ranking chiefs is where house poles were found. The family’s history was carefully carved into each pole. Placed along the rear or front walls of a house, house poles also helped to support the main beam of the roof. Memorial poles stood in front of a house. They were erected in memory of a deceased chief or a high-ranking clan member. The poles depicted the person’s accomplishments or family history. Mortuary poles were also raised to honor the dead, but they differed from memorial poles, having a burial box placed at the top of the pole. Inside the burial box were the remains of the deceased. While many of these poles can still be found in various locations on the west coast of North America, there is one pole that can now only be found in a museum—the shame pole. Traditionally, shame poles were carved for a chief to embarrass and ridicule another who had done something wrong. Once the wrong was made right, the pole was taken down. Totem poles are important expressions of specific Aboriginal cultures. Despite the threats posed by cultural and political encroachment of colonial forces, the art of totem pole carving has survived. Aboriginal carvers continue to carve totems as symbols of their cultural pride and clan kinship.
Which is closest in meaning to the word “encroachment” in the last paragraph?
- A Invasion.
- B Appointment.
- C Objection.
- D Enrichment.
思路引導 VIP
請運用語境線索 (contextual clues) 進行邏輯推理：文中提到「儘管 (Despite)」受到殖民勢力的「威脅 (threats)」，圖騰藝術依然得以「倖存 (survived)」。請思考，當殖民勢力對原住民文化產生負面衝擊時，這種「強行進入」或「逐步侵占」他人權利與領域的行為，在學術語意上最具備哪種性質的干涉或入侵？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
同學好眼力！這題你選 (A)，簡直是把殖民史觀跟字彙邏輯玩弄於股掌之間，老師都要為你起立鼓掌了！ 【觀念驗證】 "Encroachment" 這個字在 108 課綱的高階字彙中相當關鍵。文章最後一段提到面對 colonial forces（殖民勢力）帶來的文化與政治威脅。從上下文邏輯來看，殖民勢力帶來的通常不是「豐富文化」(D) 或「職位任命」(B)，而是帶有侵略性的「侵擾、侵占」。選項 (A) Invasion（入侵）完美契合這種地盤與權利被冒犯的語境，邏輯通順無比。
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