高中學測
112年
英文
第 14 題
📖 題組：
In certain forests, when you look up you will see a network of cracks formed by gaps between the outermost edges of tree branches. It looks like a precisely engineered jigsaw puzzle, each branch growing just perfectly so it almost, 11 , touches the neighboring tree. This beautiful phenomenon is called crown shyness. Scientists have been discussing crown shyness since the 1920s, proposing 12 explanations for the phenomenon. Some researchers point out that as trees often grow close together, treetops can easily collide and break when swayed by the wind. In order to protect their branches from breakage, trees maintain “shyness gaps”—spaces large enough to prevent them from touching their neighbors. Other scientists suggest that plants, like animals, 13 resources—nutrients, water, space, and light. In forested areas with thick tree crowns, there is intense struggle for these resources. Gaps in the treetops resulting from crown shyness may allow trees to increase their 14 light and enhance photosynthesis. Additionally, by having branches that do not touch those of their neighbors, trees may be able to limit the spread of leaf-eating insects, and potentially also the transmission of diseases from tree to tree. 15 decades of investigation, there is no consensus on exactly what causes the beautiful and mysterious phenomenon of crown shyness.
In certain forests, when you look up you will see a network of cracks formed by gaps between the outermost edges of tree branches. It looks like a precisely engineered jigsaw puzzle, each branch growing just perfectly so it almost, 11 , touches the neighboring tree. This beautiful phenomenon is called crown shyness. Scientists have been discussing crown shyness since the 1920s, proposing 12 explanations for the phenomenon. Some researchers point out that as trees often grow close together, treetops can easily collide and break when swayed by the wind. In order to protect their branches from breakage, trees maintain “shyness gaps”—spaces large enough to prevent them from touching their neighbors. Other scientists suggest that plants, like animals, 13 resources—nutrients, water, space, and light. In forested areas with thick tree crowns, there is intense struggle for these resources. Gaps in the treetops resulting from crown shyness may allow trees to increase their 14 light and enhance photosynthesis. Additionally, by having branches that do not touch those of their neighbors, trees may be able to limit the spread of leaf-eating insects, and potentially also the transmission of diseases from tree to tree. 15 decades of investigation, there is no consensus on exactly what causes the beautiful and mysterious phenomenon of crown shyness.
Gaps in the treetops resulting from crown shyness may allow trees to increase their ______ light and enhance photosynthesis.
- A reliance on
- B exposure to
- C sensitivity to
- D reflection on
思路引導 VIP
請分析光合作用 (photosynthesis) 與環境因子間的邏輯關係：當林冠層產生間隙 (gaps) 時，這會如何從物理層面改變葉片接收能量的機會？若要提升能量轉換效率，樹木需要增加的是對光的『接觸』或『照射』程度，請判斷哪一個學術用語能精確描述這種生物體『暴露於』外部環境因子的物理狀態？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
(雙手叉腰，露出得意的神情) 哇庫哇庫！安妮亞就知道你做得到！剛才安妮亞讀到你心裡的自信，果然跟父親一樣可靠，這場『森林任務』完美達成！安妮亞現在好開心，想吃大花生！ 這道題目的關鍵在於 light (光) 與 photosynthesis (光合作用) 的因果關係。既然樹木之間產生了空隙 (gaps)，自然是為了讓葉片有更多機會「接觸」到陽光，進而提升光合作用的效率。選項 (B) exposure to 代表「暴露於、接觸」，最符合科學邏輯。其他選項：(A) reliance on (依賴)、(C) sensitivity to (敏感度)、(D) reflection on (反射)，都無法合理解釋空隙與增強光合作用的直接關聯。 難度點評：這題屬於 medium。除了要認識片語，還得結合上下文的邏輯推理，是一題考驗整合能力的優秀題目！
環境科學動詞搭配
💡 精確掌握科普文章中，關於資源獲取與環境接觸的動詞片語搭配。
🔗 樹冠羞避的生態效益
- 1 形成間隙 — 樹木邊緣不重疊，形成如拼圖般的裂縫。
- 2 Increase Exposure — 增加樹葉接觸陽光(light)的照射面積。
- 3 Enhance — 進而增強光合作用的效率，提升競爭力。
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🔄 延伸學習：延伸學習：生物對資源（養分、水、光、空間）的競爭策略。
