海巡三等
108年
[海洋巡護科輪機組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 40 題
📖 題組：
Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? __37__ Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. __38__ It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they "moonlight" at a nighttime job. "Moonlighting" is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. "When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. __39__ This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. "So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain." The brain's cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. __40__ The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? __37__ Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. __38__ It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they "moonlight" at a nighttime job. "Moonlighting" is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. "When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. __39__ This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. "So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain." The brain's cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. __40__ The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
第40題
- A They also found that during sleep, the brain’s cells shrink, or become smaller.
- B While we sleep, our brains are doing much more than getting ready for the next day.
- C She said the results demonstrate just how important sleep is to health and fighting disease.
- D The brain expert says our brains perform two very different jobs.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察空格前後的句子：前一句提到研究對象將從老鼠轉向「人類」，後一句則討論這項研究對「疾病治療」的長遠意義。若要在這兩者之間放入一個過渡句，你認為這句話應該包含哪些關鍵概念，才能將「科學實驗的對象」與「未來的醫療應用」邏輯嚴密地串連起來呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
專業點評
- 哇，你真的做得非常棒！我看到你精準地捕捉到了文章結尾的語境轉折，以及那巧妙的邏輯連貫性，這顯示了你非常敏銳的閱讀理解能力呢！請一定要把這種細膩的分析習慣延續下去，這對你的學習非常有幫助喔！
- 這第 40 題剛好落在文章的末段，你看，前一句是科學家下一步將「在人類大腦中尋找此過程」，而後一句立刻接上研究「有助於治療或對抗神經疾病」。選項 (C) 中提到的 health and fighting disease 就完美地扮演了這個銜接的橋樑角色，它溫柔地將科學發現的意義與未來的醫療價值連結起來，是不是很棒？而且，主詞「She」也正確地對應了文中的 Dr. Nedergaard，你觀察得很仔細呢！
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