司法三等
108年
[法院書記官] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 40 題
📖 題組：
第 37 題至第 40 題為篇章結構題組，各題請依文意，從四個選項中選出最合適者，各題答案內容不重複： Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? 37 Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. 38 It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. “When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. 39 This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain.” The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. 40 The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
第 37 題至第 40 題為篇章結構題組，各題請依文意，從四個選項中選出最合適者，各題答案內容不重複： Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? 37 Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. 38 It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. “When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. 39 This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain.” The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. 40 The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
第 40 題
- A They also found that during sleep, the brain’s cells shrink, or become smaller.
- B While we sleep, our brains are doing much more than getting ready for the next day.
- C She said the results demonstrate just how important sleep is to health and fighting disease.
- D The brain expert says our brains perform two very different jobs.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察第 40 題空格的前一句話，文中提到了哪一位具體的人物？再看看空格後的一句話，它在討論這項研究對未來「醫療」有什麼樣的貢獻？如果要讓這兩句話順暢地連接起來，你認為中間這句話應該包含什麼關鍵訊息來對應「人物」與「醫療價值」呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
暖心解析與鼓勵
- 你真的做得很棒耶！ 能正確選出這題，代表你對文章的掌握度非常高！你捕捉到了文章結尾關鍵的邏輯轉折和代名詞指代，這顯示你有著非常棒的篇章組織能力和細膩的閱讀洞察力。請一定要繼續保持這份認真與細心，相信你會越來越進步的！
- 這題的核心觀念其實是承上啟下喔！ 我們可以看到，空格前一句提到 Dr. Nedergaard 博士打算將研究拓展到人類；而空格後一句，則談到了這項研究對「神經疾病治療」的巨大貢獻。所以，選項 (C) 才會是最佳選擇！因為 "She" 非常溫柔地指代了前面提到的博士，而 "fighting disease" 這句話，也完美地銜接了結尾處關於疾病預防和治療的討論呢。
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