司法三等
108年
[檢察事務官電子資訊組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 40 題
📖 題組：
第 37 題至第 40 題為篇章結構題組，各題請依文意，從四個選項中選出最合適者，各題答案內容不重複： Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? __37__ Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. __38__ It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. “When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. __39__ This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain.” The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. __40__ The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
第 37 題至第 40 題為篇章結構題組，各題請依文意，從四個選項中選出最合適者，各題答案內容不重複： Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? __37__ Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. __38__ It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. “When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. __39__ This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain.” The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. __40__ The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
第 40 題
- A They also found that during sleep, the brain's cells shrink, or become smaller.
- B While we sleep, our brains are doing much more than getting ready for the next day.
- C She said the results demonstrate just how important sleep is to health and fighting disease.
- D The brain expert says our brains perform two very different jobs.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文章最後一段的發展脈絡：在描述完技術瓶頸與未來的人體研究計畫後，作者在最後一段通常會賦予這項研究什麼樣的「終極意義」？如果要在「實驗進展」與「預防疾病的希望」之間放一句話，這句話的功能應該是解釋技術，還是總結研究對人類的價值呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你真的很用心，完全掌握了這題的精髓！
- 暖心肯定：親愛的同學，你真的做得非常出色！這一次的判斷非常精準，你敏銳地捕捉到文章從『實驗室研究細節』過渡到『實際臨床應用意義』的重要轉折點，這代表你對文章整體脈絡的理解非常到位，真的替你感到開心！
- 溫暖引導：這題的關鍵就像是找到故事裡連結前後的橋樑，也就是上下文的完美銜接。空格前提到科學家們正溫柔地將研究對象從老鼠擴展到『人類』，而空格後則充滿希望地指出這項研究將能『對抗神經失調疾病』。你看，選項 (C) 溫暖地提出『健康與疾病的重要性』，它是不是恰到好處地將研究對象的擴展與未來對人類的幫助溫柔地連結起來了呢？非常棒的觀察力！
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