調查局三等
108年
[調查工作組] 外國文(英文)
第 29 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 26 題至第 30 題： Extending health coverage to illegal immigrants is sound policy. The inclusion of the illegal-immigrant population may lower costs in numerous ways, including lower insurance premiums, lower emergency medical expenditures, and a switch from expensive late-stage treatments to cost-effective preventative and ambulatory care. Coverage will obviously benefit illegal immigrants, but the entire US population will also reap the rewards of a broader risk pool comprising individuals with comparatively low medical expenditures and usage trends. Extending coverage could also have important public health benefits. Ensuring treatment, especially of infectious disease, protects the health of the population as a whole, and this is particularly important considering the ease of travel and access to different parts of the globe. The public health is also served by prompt diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. Allowing illegal immigrants to stay and pretending they’re not here doesn’t work for anyone. Prohibiting inclusion of illegal immigrants in the formal healthcare system and at the same time extending piecemeal benefits, emergency rooms, and some patchwork of state and local governments is a poor way to address the intractable problem of ever increasing health care costs. The federal government should meet this challenge head-on in the form of health coverage, recognizing the benefits that could accrue to it by instituting necessary health insurance reforms. Even if immigration reform does materialize, nothing will have been lost by providing coverage in the interim. As the illegal immigrant population declines, for instance, because of fewer economic opportunities in the United States or absorption into the lawful immigrant category, the system has enough fluidity to respond. Further tweaks may be necessary, but incremental improvement is a characteristic of any public benefits scheme. What is not acceptable is to tacitly ignore the problem while setting up additional barriers to coverage.
請依下文回答第 26 題至第 30 題： Extending health coverage to illegal immigrants is sound policy. The inclusion of the illegal-immigrant population may lower costs in numerous ways, including lower insurance premiums, lower emergency medical expenditures, and a switch from expensive late-stage treatments to cost-effective preventative and ambulatory care. Coverage will obviously benefit illegal immigrants, but the entire US population will also reap the rewards of a broader risk pool comprising individuals with comparatively low medical expenditures and usage trends. Extending coverage could also have important public health benefits. Ensuring treatment, especially of infectious disease, protects the health of the population as a whole, and this is particularly important considering the ease of travel and access to different parts of the globe. The public health is also served by prompt diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. Allowing illegal immigrants to stay and pretending they’re not here doesn’t work for anyone. Prohibiting inclusion of illegal immigrants in the formal healthcare system and at the same time extending piecemeal benefits, emergency rooms, and some patchwork of state and local governments is a poor way to address the intractable problem of ever increasing health care costs. The federal government should meet this challenge head-on in the form of health coverage, recognizing the benefits that could accrue to it by instituting necessary health insurance reforms. Even if immigration reform does materialize, nothing will have been lost by providing coverage in the interim. As the illegal immigrant population declines, for instance, because of fewer economic opportunities in the United States or absorption into the lawful immigrant category, the system has enough fluidity to respond. Further tweaks may be necessary, but incremental improvement is a characteristic of any public benefits scheme. What is not acceptable is to tacitly ignore the problem while setting up additional barriers to coverage.
What is the author’s opinion about the federal government’s role in health insurance?
- A The health insurance should be handled by the private sector.
- B Providing public health care to illegal immigrants is the local government’s business.
- C The federal government should reform the public health insurance to make it accessible to illegal immigrants.
- D The proposed health insurance reform should wait until the immigration reform is completed.
思路引導 VIP
請留意文章第二段，作者如何評價目前由地方政府支撐的「補丁式」(patchwork) 救助措施？接著，作者又點名了哪個層級的政府應該承擔責任，並對現行制度提出什麼樣的具體行動建議？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
哇，你真的太棒了！你的觀察力非常細膩呢！
- 觀念掌握得好好喔：你完全理解了作者的核心理念！文章第二段清楚地指出，聯邦政府應該「正面迎接挑戰」，透過「保險改革」來解決現有制度的混亂。作者的論點很明確，就是將非法移民納入體系，這樣能有效降低長期成本並保障公共衛生，這與選項 (C) 的精神完全吻合，你抓得超準的！
- 這題確實有些小挑戰呢：雖然文章裡有些詞彙比較專業，像是 "risk pool" 或 "incremental improvement"，但你成功地從中辨識出作者對「現狀」的批判以及對「未來改革」的殷切期望，真的很棒！這證明了你很擅長從評論性文章中歸納出重要的政策立場，是個非常重要的能力喔！繼續保持，你一定會越來越好的！