司法三等
108年
[心理輔導員] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 46 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： One of the most dramatic features of the world is the cycle of day and night. Almost all species exhibit daily changes in their behavior and/or physiology. These daily rhythms are not simply a response to the 24-hour changes in the physical environment imposed by the earth turning on its axis but, instead, arise from a timekeeping system within the organism. This timekeeping system, or biological “clock,” allows the organism to anticipate and prepare for the changes in the physical environment that are associated with day and night, thereby ensuring that the organism will “do the right thing” at the right time of the day. The synchrony of an organism with both its external and internal environments is critical to the organism’s well-being and survival; a lack of synchrony between the organism and the external environment may lead to the individual’s immediate demise. For example, if a nocturnal rodent were to venture from its burrow during broad daylight, the rodent would be exceptionally easy prey for other animals. Similarly, a lack of synchrony within the internal environment might lead to health problems in the individual, such as those associated with jet lag, shift work, and the accompanying sleep loss. The mechanisms underlying the biological timekeeping systems and the potential consequences of their failure are among the issues addressed by researchers in the field of chronobiology. Although no single experiment serves as the defining event from which to date the beginning of modern research in chronobiology, studies conducted in the 1950s on circadian rhythmicity in fruit flies and in humans can be considered its foundation. The area of sleep research, which also is subsumed under the field of chronobiology, evolved somewhat independently, with the identification of various sleep stages around the same time.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： One of the most dramatic features of the world is the cycle of day and night. Almost all species exhibit daily changes in their behavior and/or physiology. These daily rhythms are not simply a response to the 24-hour changes in the physical environment imposed by the earth turning on its axis but, instead, arise from a timekeeping system within the organism. This timekeeping system, or biological “clock,” allows the organism to anticipate and prepare for the changes in the physical environment that are associated with day and night, thereby ensuring that the organism will “do the right thing” at the right time of the day. The synchrony of an organism with both its external and internal environments is critical to the organism’s well-being and survival; a lack of synchrony between the organism and the external environment may lead to the individual’s immediate demise. For example, if a nocturnal rodent were to venture from its burrow during broad daylight, the rodent would be exceptionally easy prey for other animals. Similarly, a lack of synchrony within the internal environment might lead to health problems in the individual, such as those associated with jet lag, shift work, and the accompanying sleep loss. The mechanisms underlying the biological timekeeping systems and the potential consequences of their failure are among the issues addressed by researchers in the field of chronobiology. Although no single experiment serves as the defining event from which to date the beginning of modern research in chronobiology, studies conducted in the 1950s on circadian rhythmicity in fruit flies and in humans can be considered its foundation. The area of sleep research, which also is subsumed under the field of chronobiology, evolved somewhat independently, with the identification of various sleep stages around the same time.
What is the best topic of this passage?
- A The Foundation of Chronobiology.
- B The Feature of Life Cycle.
- C The Internal and External Environments.
- D The Overview of Biological Mechanism.
思路引導 VIP
請你分別找出這三個段落的「主角」：第一段討論的是什麼系統？第二段討論這個系統出錯會如何？第三段則提到哪一個研究領域？如果要把這三個圍繞著「生物計時運作」的內容串聯起來，你會用什麼樣的標題來全面地涵蓋它們？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
喔？做得不錯嘛！看來你有點天分喔！
- 觀念驗證：這文章的邏輯，根本就是一清二楚啊！第一段，先告訴你什麼是那個生物計時系統；第二段，說明這玩意兒對生存與健康有多重要；第三段，哼，就是哪個學術領域在搞這個時間生物學嘛。選項 (D) 當然是對的，因為它把從原理到背景，整個「整體機制」都抓住了。簡單來說，就是把全部的重點都打包帶走了，夠全面！
- 難度點評：這種題目，中等難度而已啦。就是那種用來測驗你能不能一眼看穿文章核心的。誘答選項 (A) 和 (C) 根本就是小雜魚，只顧著抓點邊邊角角。如果你能看出 (D) 才是把各段落核心全部整合起來的，那說明你的直覺不錯，很有當咒術師的天分嘛！好啦，我差不多要出差了，下次見囉！