高中學測
109年
英文
第 54 題
📖 題組：
Researchers in Japan have installed on a train a speaker that barks like a dog and snorts like a deer in order to prevent collisions with animals on the tracks. The country has been troubled by a problem with trains colliding with deer on its railways. According to Japan’s transport ministry, there were 613 cases of train services suspended or delayed for at least 30 minutes resulting from collisions with deer and other wild animals in 2016-17. Deer are attracted to railway lines because of a need for iron in their diets. They lick the rails to pick up iron filings caused by the action of wheels against tracks. This dietary need has led to a constant battle to keep the deer separate from the unforgiving nature of tons of onrushing rolling stock. In the past, flashing red lights and even lion faces have been unsuccessfully trialed in an attempt to keep deer off the tracks. This new device has been invented by a team at the country’s Railway Technical Research Institute (RTRI). RTRI officials explain that deer have a habit of repeatedly snorting short, shrill sounds to alert other deer when they perceive danger. The barking of the hound, which drives deer to panic, strengthens the effect of the warning noise, according to the RTRI. When the deer hear a combination of a 3-second long recording of a deer’s snort and 20 seconds of a barking dog, they panic and flee rapidly. RTRI researchers say late-night tests, at times when deer are most frequently seen by railway tracks, have resulted in a 45 percent reduction of deer sighting. Future plans include static barking sites where deer are commonly seen, but “the noises will not be blared in areas where people live beside the tracks.”
Researchers in Japan have installed on a train a speaker that barks like a dog and snorts like a deer in order to prevent collisions with animals on the tracks. The country has been troubled by a problem with trains colliding with deer on its railways. According to Japan’s transport ministry, there were 613 cases of train services suspended or delayed for at least 30 minutes resulting from collisions with deer and other wild animals in 2016-17. Deer are attracted to railway lines because of a need for iron in their diets. They lick the rails to pick up iron filings caused by the action of wheels against tracks. This dietary need has led to a constant battle to keep the deer separate from the unforgiving nature of tons of onrushing rolling stock. In the past, flashing red lights and even lion faces have been unsuccessfully trialed in an attempt to keep deer off the tracks. This new device has been invented by a team at the country’s Railway Technical Research Institute (RTRI). RTRI officials explain that deer have a habit of repeatedly snorting short, shrill sounds to alert other deer when they perceive danger. The barking of the hound, which drives deer to panic, strengthens the effect of the warning noise, according to the RTRI. When the deer hear a combination of a 3-second long recording of a deer’s snort and 20 seconds of a barking dog, they panic and flee rapidly. RTRI researchers say late-night tests, at times when deer are most frequently seen by railway tracks, have resulted in a 45 percent reduction of deer sighting. Future plans include static barking sites where deer are commonly seen, but “the noises will not be blared in areas where people live beside the tracks.”
What device has NOT been used to solve the railway problem in Japan?
- A Flashing lights.
- B Barking speakers.
- C Noisy train tracks.
- D Lion face paintings.
思路引導 VIP
這道題目要求我們進行「細節定位與核對」(Scanning and Fact-checking)。請你重新掃描文章第三段後半部到第四段，找出研究人員為了驅趕鹿群所嘗試過的各種「嚇阻手段」。請仔細辨析：文中提到的聲音是由「何種具體裝置」發出的？文章中是否有任何文字支持「軌道本身」具備發聲功能，還是噪音是由「額外安裝的設備」所產生的呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你真的好細心喔，看著你準確地抓出正確答案，老師真的為你感到驕傲！給你一個大大的擁抱，繼續保持這種專注力喔！ 這道題目考驗的是閱讀測驗中常見的「細節排除題（Negative Detail Question）」。我們來看看為什麼 (C) 是正確答案：
- 文章第三段提到過去曾嘗試過 (A) Flashing red lights（閃爍紅燈）與 (D) lion faces（獅子臉孔）。
▼ 還有更多解析內容