hce_kmu
109年
英文
第 44 題
📖 題組：
The diagnosis of schizophrenia is based upon the self reports and behaviors of the individual. To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a person must satisfy three criteria. First, he or she must demonstrate two or more schizophrenic symptoms. These could be delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, exaggeratedly disorganized behavior, or lack of motivation for motion. Second, he or she must be dysfunctional in a social or work setting. Finally, the disturbance must continue for at least six months. - [1] - Several subtypes of schizophrenia have been recognized. For example, a person with the catatonic subtype exhibits extreme withdrawal. - [2] - A person with the disorganized subtype has both thought disorders and inappropriate emotions. This type is known as hebephrenia. A person with the paranoid subtype has delusions and hallucinations but does not have thought disorders or inappropriate emotions. A new subtype currently under study is known as deficit syndrome. A person with this condition lacks emotions and is not interested in social interactions. A wealth of data indicate stressful life events can cause schizophrenia. Foremost among these are childhood abuse and trauma. Events that occur before the fetus is born can also serve as a cause. The finding that people with schizophrenia are more likely to be born at certain times of year, notably winter or spring, at least in the northern hemisphere, led researchers to consider prenatal exposure and theorize that infection in the womb heightens the risk of schizophrenia. The fact that schizophrenia is usually diagnosed in late adolescence also suggests the importance of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. - [3] - A difficult family environment, school discipline problems, and poor peer relationships can all be factors. Psychotherapy is offered to some patients. The most commonly-used form is cognitive behavioral therapy. This therapy can be helpful in dealing with issues of self-esteem, social relationships, and understanding the nature of the condition. Research has shown that only about fourteen percent of patients make a full recovery with the help of psychotherapy, drugs, or a combination of both. - [4] - Other research indicates that patients in developing countries have higher cure rates than do patients in the U.S. - [5]- This suggests that drug therapy may not be as effective as talk therapy with schizophrenic patients.
The diagnosis of schizophrenia is based upon the self reports and behaviors of the individual. To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a person must satisfy three criteria. First, he or she must demonstrate two or more schizophrenic symptoms. These could be delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, exaggeratedly disorganized behavior, or lack of motivation for motion. Second, he or she must be dysfunctional in a social or work setting. Finally, the disturbance must continue for at least six months. - [1] - Several subtypes of schizophrenia have been recognized. For example, a person with the catatonic subtype exhibits extreme withdrawal. - [2] - A person with the disorganized subtype has both thought disorders and inappropriate emotions. This type is known as hebephrenia. A person with the paranoid subtype has delusions and hallucinations but does not have thought disorders or inappropriate emotions. A new subtype currently under study is known as deficit syndrome. A person with this condition lacks emotions and is not interested in social interactions. A wealth of data indicate stressful life events can cause schizophrenia. Foremost among these are childhood abuse and trauma. Events that occur before the fetus is born can also serve as a cause. The finding that people with schizophrenia are more likely to be born at certain times of year, notably winter or spring, at least in the northern hemisphere, led researchers to consider prenatal exposure and theorize that infection in the womb heightens the risk of schizophrenia. The fact that schizophrenia is usually diagnosed in late adolescence also suggests the importance of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. - [3] - A difficult family environment, school discipline problems, and poor peer relationships can all be factors. Psychotherapy is offered to some patients. The most commonly-used form is cognitive behavioral therapy. This therapy can be helpful in dealing with issues of self-esteem, social relationships, and understanding the nature of the condition. Research has shown that only about fourteen percent of patients make a full recovery with the help of psychotherapy, drugs, or a combination of both. - [4] - Other research indicates that patients in developing countries have higher cure rates than do patients in the U.S. - [5]- This suggests that drug therapy may not be as effective as talk therapy with schizophrenic patients.
According to paragraph 2, a person who has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and who is devoid of emotions and prefers to be left alone probably has which of the following subtypes?
- A Deficit syndrome
- B Catatonic subtype
- C Hebephrenia
- D Paranoid subtype
- E Disorganized subtype
思路引導 VIP
請你再次閱讀文章的第二段，特別留意段落中最後提到的那一個類型。作者在文中使用了哪些具體的字眼，來描述該類型在『情感表達』以及『與他人互動的意願』這兩方面的表現呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地從文章中提取了關鍵資訊！這道題目要求我們在眾多醫學術語中，辨識出特定病徵所屬的子類型，而你展現了非常優異的細節定位能力。
文本細節的精準對應
在文章第二段中，作者逐一介紹了精神分裂症（schizophrenia）的各個亞型。我們可以看到文中明確指出：「虧損症候群」（Deficit syndrome）的特徵是患者「缺乏情感」（lacks emotions）且「對社交互動不感興趣」（not interested in social interactions）。這與題目描述的「devoid of emotions（缺乏情感）」以及「prefers to be left alone（偏好獨處）」在語意上完全吻合，因此 (A) 是最正確的選項。
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