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109年
[外語群英語類] 專業科目(2)
第 28 題
📖 題組：
Have you ever wondered how human beings have developed? Life began as tiny single cells billions of years ago, and from there the cells became the complex organism known as a human. While this natural cloning has taken billions of years to achieve, new research has discovered the key to speeding up the process. All the wonders of creation lie in the tiniest couriers: our genes. Recent discoveries have revealed how we might manipulate our genes. After a fertilized egg begins to divide into cells, the genes carried inside the cells’ nucleus develop embryonic stem cells. These tiny cells grow into tissues in the body, building people from the ground up. Our genes determine every single physical characteristic about us. Some experts also believe that personality traits could be read from our genes. If this is possible, does this mean our destinies are already predetermined? People who seek dangers and thrills are known to possess a specific gene that makes them crave dangerous situations. The ability to read and manipulate our genes could lead to the ability to predict and then alter our genetic blueprints. While this genetic engineering seems very promising, some scientists feel there is a dark cloud behind this scientific silver lining. This may go against evolution as we know it. While the debate on ethical issues of genetic research rages on, other discoveries are being made, such as what genes determine sex. Out of the 60 genes on the Y chromosome, only a very small part actually influences whether we will be male or female. It takes 30,000 genes to build a human, but only one to make it a man. This one gene will determine whether a fetus will become male or female. It’s interesting to know that men are basically adaptations of the female form. Whether we are male or female, we are all subject to aging. Genetic research has given us a new understanding as to how it happens. What comes to mind when you hear the word “oxygen”? Most would probably say it is a kind of gas that living things need to survive with. However, oxygen is also one of the causes of death. Cells require oxygen to produce energy for the body, but during this chemical reaction, by-products known as “free radicals” are released. It is these by-products which break down healthy cells and cause us to age. For those of us wanting to turn back the clock, experts now believe the true elixir of life exists in anti-oxidants. These chemicals can reduce the damage to cells. Anti-oxidants occur naturally in different foods such as dark, green leafy vegetables like spinach, blueberries and certain types of tea. By using anti-oxidants, we can actually slow the free radicals down to a snail’s pace. All of us want the perfect body, a great personality and to be forever young. With further research into genetics, we may someday be able to build the perfect human being.
Have you ever wondered how human beings have developed? Life began as tiny single cells billions of years ago, and from there the cells became the complex organism known as a human. While this natural cloning has taken billions of years to achieve, new research has discovered the key to speeding up the process. All the wonders of creation lie in the tiniest couriers: our genes. Recent discoveries have revealed how we might manipulate our genes. After a fertilized egg begins to divide into cells, the genes carried inside the cells’ nucleus develop embryonic stem cells. These tiny cells grow into tissues in the body, building people from the ground up. Our genes determine every single physical characteristic about us. Some experts also believe that personality traits could be read from our genes. If this is possible, does this mean our destinies are already predetermined? People who seek dangers and thrills are known to possess a specific gene that makes them crave dangerous situations. The ability to read and manipulate our genes could lead to the ability to predict and then alter our genetic blueprints. While this genetic engineering seems very promising, some scientists feel there is a dark cloud behind this scientific silver lining. This may go against evolution as we know it. While the debate on ethical issues of genetic research rages on, other discoveries are being made, such as what genes determine sex. Out of the 60 genes on the Y chromosome, only a very small part actually influences whether we will be male or female. It takes 30,000 genes to build a human, but only one to make it a man. This one gene will determine whether a fetus will become male or female. It’s interesting to know that men are basically adaptations of the female form. Whether we are male or female, we are all subject to aging. Genetic research has given us a new understanding as to how it happens. What comes to mind when you hear the word “oxygen”? Most would probably say it is a kind of gas that living things need to survive with. However, oxygen is also one of the causes of death. Cells require oxygen to produce energy for the body, but during this chemical reaction, by-products known as “free radicals” are released. It is these by-products which break down healthy cells and cause us to age. For those of us wanting to turn back the clock, experts now believe the true elixir of life exists in anti-oxidants. These chemicals can reduce the damage to cells. Anti-oxidants occur naturally in different foods such as dark, green leafy vegetables like spinach, blueberries and certain types of tea. By using anti-oxidants, we can actually slow the free radicals down to a snail’s pace. All of us want the perfect body, a great personality and to be forever young. With further research into genetics, we may someday be able to build the perfect human being.
28. Why is oxygen considered one of the causes of death?
- A Because it damages free radicals in our cells.
- B Because it produces anti-oxidants in our body.
- C Because it eliminates all other substances in our body.
- D Because it creates a substance which destroys cells.
思路引導 VIP
請試著回到文章第三段，找找看當人體利用某種『生存必需物質』來轉換能量時，文中提到了哪種『額外產生的副產物』？而這種副產物對我們體內的健康單位具體造成了什麼樣的後果呢？
🤖
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