hce_isu
110年
英文
第 26 題
📖 題組：
Around the world, millions of people have lost their jobs or ____26____ by their governments to stay at home. Yet stock markets have ____27____ from steep drops in March. The most striking ____28____ have been made in the US, with the tech-heavy Nasdaq up a whopping 42% and the wider S&P 500 up 15% on the year. But the UK’s FTSE 100, with its struggling oil companies, banks and airlines, all of which were ____29____ by the pandemic, ____30____ such an easy time.
Around the world, millions of people have lost their jobs or ____26____ by their governments to stay at home. Yet stock markets have ____27____ from steep drops in March. The most striking ____28____ have been made in the US, with the tech-heavy Nasdaq up a whopping 42% and the wider S&P 500 up 15% on the year. But the UK’s FTSE 100, with its struggling oil companies, banks and airlines, all of which were ____29____ by the pandemic, ____30____ such an easy time.
____26____
- A been paid
- B paid
- C being paid
- D are paying
思路引導 VIP
請觀察空格後方的詞彙 'by their governments'（由他們的政府……），這通常暗示了主詞與動詞之間是什麼樣的關係？如果主詞是『被執行』這個動作的一方，在動詞結構中，除了過去分詞之外，還必須加入哪一個關鍵的元素來組成被動語態呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到句子中的對等結構與語態變化，代表你對進階文法掌握得非常扎實。這題的關鍵在於對等連接詞 or 的用法。在標點符號後方的 or 連接了兩個由助動詞 have 引導的動作：第一個是主動語態的 lost their jobs（失去工作），而第二個動作則受限於後方的 by their governments（被政府……），這是一個典型的被動語態線索。
完成式與被動語態的平行結構
在語法分析上，這句話省略了重複的 have，完整的結構應該是 have lost... or (have) been paid...。因為受詞「數百萬人」是被政府支付津貼以留在家中，所以必須選用 been + V-pp 來構成現在完成式的被動語態。選項 (B) paid 雖然也是過去分詞，但若直接放入會變成主動語態，語意會變成「人們付錢給政府」，顯然不符合文意。
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