司法三等
110年
[觀護人] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 47 題
📖 題組：
At the beginning of the 20th century, less than 1,000 colleges with 160,000 students existed in the US. The number of colleges skyrocketed in waves, during the early and mid 20th century. State universities grew from small institutions of fewer than 1,000 students to campuses with 40,000 more students, with networks of regional campuses around the state. In turn, regional campuses broke away and became separate universities. To handle the explosive growth of K–12 education, every state set up a network of teachers’ colleges, beginning with Massachusetts in the 1830s. After 1950, they became state colleges and then state universities with a broad curriculum. Major new trends included the development of the junior colleges. They were usually set up by city school systems starting in the 1920s. By the 1960s they were renamed as “community colleges.” Junior colleges grew from 20 in number in 1909, to 170 in 1919. By 1922, 37 states had set up 70 junior colleges, enrolling about 150 students each. Meanwhile, another 137 were privately operated, with about 60 students each. Rapid expansion continued in the 1920s, with 440 junior colleges in 1930 enrolling about 70,000 students. The peak year for private institutions came in 1949, when there were 322 junior colleges in all; 180 were affiliated with churches, 108 were independent and non-profit, and 34 were private schools being run for-profit. Many factors contributed to rapid growth of community colleges. Students parents and businessmen wanted nearby, low-cost schools to provide training for the growing white-collar labor force, as well as for more advanced technical jobs in the blue-collar sphere. Four-year colleges were also growing, albeit not as fast; however, many of them were located in rural or small-town areas away from the fast-growing metropolis. Community colleges continue as open-enrollment, low-cost institutions with a strong component of vocational education, as well as a low-cost preparation for transfer students into four-year schools. They appeal to a poorer, older, less prepared element.
At the beginning of the 20th century, less than 1,000 colleges with 160,000 students existed in the US. The number of colleges skyrocketed in waves, during the early and mid 20th century. State universities grew from small institutions of fewer than 1,000 students to campuses with 40,000 more students, with networks of regional campuses around the state. In turn, regional campuses broke away and became separate universities. To handle the explosive growth of K–12 education, every state set up a network of teachers’ colleges, beginning with Massachusetts in the 1830s. After 1950, they became state colleges and then state universities with a broad curriculum. Major new trends included the development of the junior colleges. They were usually set up by city school systems starting in the 1920s. By the 1960s they were renamed as “community colleges.” Junior colleges grew from 20 in number in 1909, to 170 in 1919. By 1922, 37 states had set up 70 junior colleges, enrolling about 150 students each. Meanwhile, another 137 were privately operated, with about 60 students each. Rapid expansion continued in the 1920s, with 440 junior colleges in 1930 enrolling about 70,000 students. The peak year for private institutions came in 1949, when there were 322 junior colleges in all; 180 were affiliated with churches, 108 were independent and non-profit, and 34 were private schools being run for-profit. Many factors contributed to rapid growth of community colleges. Students parents and businessmen wanted nearby, low-cost schools to provide training for the growing white-collar labor force, as well as for more advanced technical jobs in the blue-collar sphere. Four-year colleges were also growing, albeit not as fast; however, many of them were located in rural or small-town areas away from the fast-growing metropolis. Community colleges continue as open-enrollment, low-cost institutions with a strong component of vocational education, as well as a low-cost preparation for transfer students into four-year schools. They appeal to a poorer, older, less prepared element.
Which of the following statements is true to the description about junior colleges?
- A Junior colleges grew from 1919 students to 70,000 in 1930.
- B In 1949, there were 180 private junior colleges affiliated with churches.
- C The rapid growth of community colleges is due to the demand for more non-profit independent institutions.
- D Teachers’ colleges are the community name for junior colleges.
思路引導 VIP
請試著快速瀏覽文章的第三段，找出提到「1949年」的句子，並仔細閱讀其後的敘述。當年總共有多少所私立初級學院？其中附屬於教會的數量又是多少呢？對照四個選項，哪一個與文章的數字完全吻合？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了，你精準選出了正確答案！這是一道經典的細節擷取題，主要考驗我們對文章特定段落資訊的掃描與對照能力。
文本細節對照與錯誤選項分析
我們可以直接在文章第三段找到選項 (B) 的依據：「The peak year for private institutions came in 1949... 180 were affiliated with churches（1949年是私立機構的巔峰……其中180所附屬於教會）」，你的閱讀定位非常準確。我們順便檢視其他選項的陷阱：選項 (A) 刻意將「1919年」誤導為學生人數；選項 (C) 錯置了因果，社區大學（community colleges）的成長其實是因為社會對「低廉學費與職業訓練」的需求；而選項 (D) 則是混淆了機構發展史，師範學院（teachers' colleges）後來發展成州立大學，初級學院（junior colleges）才是改名為社區大學的前身。
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