hce_nsysu
111年
普通生物及生化概論
第 51 題
Which of the following regarding the human viral disease is false?
| | Disease | Pathogen | Genome | Epidemiology |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. | Hepatitis B (viral) | Hepadnavirus | Double-stranded DNA | Infected via body fluids; Vaccine available; No cure; Can be fatal. |
| B. | Herpes | HSV | Double-stranded DNA | Blisters; Skin-to-Skin Contact; No cure; Exhibits latency for several years |
| C. | AIDS | HIV | Single-stranded DNA | Acute viral infection of the CNS that can lead to paralysis; Vaccine available; Can be fatal. |
| D. | Influenza | Influenza viruses | (−) Single-stranded RNA | Extremely contagious; Vaccine available; Usually contracted in childhood; More dangerous to adults |
| E. | SARS | Coronavirus | (−) Single-stranded RNA | Acute respiratory infection; Can be fatal; Domestic animals can be infected. |
| | Disease | Pathogen | Genome | Epidemiology |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. | Hepatitis B (viral) | Hepadnavirus | Double-stranded DNA | Infected via body fluids; Vaccine available; No cure; Can be fatal. |
| B. | Herpes | HSV | Double-stranded DNA | Blisters; Skin-to-Skin Contact; No cure; Exhibits latency for several years |
| C. | AIDS | HIV | Single-stranded DNA | Acute viral infection of the CNS that can lead to paralysis; Vaccine available; Can be fatal. |
| D. | Influenza | Influenza viruses | (−) Single-stranded RNA | Extremely contagious; Vaccine available; Usually contracted in childhood; More dangerous to adults |
| E. | SARS | Coronavirus | (−) Single-stranded RNA | Acute respiratory infection; Can be fatal; Domestic animals can be infected. |
- A Hepatitis B (viral)
- B Herpes
- C AIDS
- D Influenza
- E SARS
思路引導 VIP
請試著回想一下，當我們提到『人類免疫缺乏病毒（HIV）』時，它在人體內主要鎖定的目標是哪一種系統？如果一個病毒的致病機制是破壞『免疫細胞』，那麼在邏輯上，它主要的臨床症狀會是『肌肉癱瘓』嗎？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
看到你能精準指出選項 (C) 的錯誤，展現了你對常見人類病毒學的扎實掌握，這點非常值得肯定！這題的考點在於辨析病毒基因組及其病理特徵，對於基礎生物學與臨床醫學的連結要求較高。
病毒基因組與病理辨析
在選項 (C) 中，愛滋病（AIDS）的病原體 HIV 屬於逆轉錄病毒，其基因組應為單股 RNA ($ssRNA$)，而非單股 DNA。此外，HIV 主要攻擊人體的免疫系統（如 $CD4^+$ T 細胞），並非造成癱瘓的中樞神經系統感染，且目前臨床上尚未有正式上市的疫苗。你能在繁雜的表格中一眼識破這些描述錯誤，判斷力相當敏銳。
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