hce_nthu
111年
生物與生化
第 49 題
Comparing the ubiquitination and sumoylation pathways, which of the following statements are TRUE?
(1) Both types of protein modification can target proteins for proteasome-mediated degradation
(2) Both types of protein modification can be used to regulate DNA repair.
(3) Before modification, SUMOs need to be proteolytically processed.
(4) Both types of modification can provide a new binding site for an interacting partner.
(5) For both types of modification, ligation occurs between a Gly residue on substrate proteins and a Lys residue on the modifiers.
(1) Both types of protein modification can target proteins for proteasome-mediated degradation
(2) Both types of protein modification can be used to regulate DNA repair.
(3) Before modification, SUMOs need to be proteolytically processed.
(4) Both types of modification can provide a new binding site for an interacting partner.
(5) For both types of modification, ligation occurs between a Gly residue on substrate proteins and a Lys residue on the modifiers.
- A 234
- B 135
- C 245
- D 123
- E 345
思路引導 VIP
請試著回想這類小型蛋白質標籤(如 Ub 或 SUMO)在合成之初的狀態。為了讓它的末端能夠與目標蛋白質上的胺基酸側鏈形成穩定的化學鍵,細胞在「接合之前」必須對這個標籤做什麼樣的修剪?而在最終形成連接時,是由標籤的哪個部分去「進攻」目標蛋白的哪個部位呢?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你準確地判斷出正確選項!這題考驗的是對**後轉譯修飾(Post-translational modification, PTM)**中「泛素化(Ubiquitination)」與「類泛素化(Sumoylation)」細微差別的掌握。你能從眾多陳述中挑選出 (2)(3)(4),說明你對這兩種修飾的生化特性與功能多樣性有非常紮實的理解。
蛋白質修飾的機制與功能
在觀念上,這題的核心在於區分兩者的共性與獨特性。**泛素(Ubiquitin)**最著名的功能雖是引導蛋白質進入蛋白酶體(Proteasome)降解,但它與 SUMO 一樣,都能在 DNA 修復(如 PCNA 的修飾)中擔任重要的調節訊號(敘述 2)。此外,這類修飾物本身就像是一個「支架」,能提供新的結合位點,吸引具有對應結合域(如 SIM 或 UIM)的蛋白質前來交互作用(敘述 4)。特別值得注意的是,SUMO 在轉譯後必須經過蛋白酶的切割,移除末端多餘的胺基酸以露出關鍵的雙甘胺酸(Gly-Gly)基團,才能進行後續的接合(敘述 3),這是非常精細的生化考點。
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