司法四等
111年
[監所管理員] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 47 題
📖 題組：
Cheese is a dairy product, derived from milk and produced in wide ranges of flavors, textures, and forms. There are hundreds of different types of cheese around the world, and they are made mostly from the milk of cows but also other mammals, including sheep, goats, buffalo, reindeer, camels, and yaks. Cheese also contains water. A soft cheese, like Brie, contains more water than a hard cheese, like Parmesan. Since it contains vitamins and protein, cheese is nutritious, which can be used both as a food itself and in many different types of cooking. Cheese is produced through a process called “fermentation.” The process of making cheese was probably discovered by chance. Ancient people used to make bags, using the skin from an animal’s stomach. When they used these skin bags to carry milk, bacteria from the animal’s skin reacted with the milk. Then the milk was fermented, and the result was cheese. Around 4,000 years ago, people started to breed animals and process their milk. Today, cheese making is a very scientific process. First, the milk that will be used is pasteurized, which means that it is heated to remove all bacteria. Then specially cultivated bacteria, called “cultures,” are added to the milk. The milk is kept fairly warm during this period to help the cultures grow. As they grow, the cultures sometimes release bubbles of carbon dioxide. These bubbles help make the holes in Swiss cheese. Next, as the milk ripens, it forms a solid substance. This substance is called “curd.” The curd is removed, and the water is drained from it. The curd forms the basis of the cheese and may be treated in different ways. Finally, once it is matured and dried, the cheese is ready.
Cheese is a dairy product, derived from milk and produced in wide ranges of flavors, textures, and forms. There are hundreds of different types of cheese around the world, and they are made mostly from the milk of cows but also other mammals, including sheep, goats, buffalo, reindeer, camels, and yaks. Cheese also contains water. A soft cheese, like Brie, contains more water than a hard cheese, like Parmesan. Since it contains vitamins and protein, cheese is nutritious, which can be used both as a food itself and in many different types of cooking. Cheese is produced through a process called “fermentation.” The process of making cheese was probably discovered by chance. Ancient people used to make bags, using the skin from an animal’s stomach. When they used these skin bags to carry milk, bacteria from the animal’s skin reacted with the milk. Then the milk was fermented, and the result was cheese. Around 4,000 years ago, people started to breed animals and process their milk. Today, cheese making is a very scientific process. First, the milk that will be used is pasteurized, which means that it is heated to remove all bacteria. Then specially cultivated bacteria, called “cultures,” are added to the milk. The milk is kept fairly warm during this period to help the cultures grow. As they grow, the cultures sometimes release bubbles of carbon dioxide. These bubbles help make the holes in Swiss cheese. Next, as the milk ripens, it forms a solid substance. This substance is called “curd.” The curd is removed, and the water is drained from it. The curd forms the basis of the cheese and may be treated in different ways. Finally, once it is matured and dried, the cheese is ready.
Which of the following is closest in meaning to “drained”?
- A Put out.
- B Added into.
- C Carried out.
- D Gotten rid of.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文中描述製作步驟的段落：當固體的「凝乳」被取出後，為了讓它最後能達到「乾燥（dried）」的狀態，你認為對剩餘的「水分」應該要做什麼動作，才符合製作固體食物的邏輯呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你的觀察力非常敏銳
- 觀念驗證：你精確地掌握了上下文語境（Contextual Clues）。文中提到起司製作的過程中，固體的 curd（凝乳）被取出後，必須處理掉多餘的水分以利後續乾燥（dried）。在「the water is drained from it」這句話中，描述的是將水分「排出、移走」的動作，這與 (D) Gotten rid of（除去/擺脫）在邏輯上完全吻合。
- 難度點評：此題難度為 Medium。這類題型具備良好的鑑別度，它不僅考驗字彙量，更測試學生是否能理解「製程邏輯」。若只靠死背單字，容易被其他動詞片語干擾，唯有理解固液分離的過程，才能做出正確判斷。