hce_cmu
112年
英文
第 39 題
📖 題組：
Given that bureaucracy is held in such ill repute today, it is hard to remember that it was once considered a great organizational innovation. By organizing the 36 of labor, by making management and decision-making a profession, and by providing an order and a set of rules that allowed many different kinds of specialists to work in coordination toward a common 37 , bureaucracy greatly extended the breadth and depth of intelligence that organization could achieve. Begun as a system of organizing government activities, it has 38 to big business and large organization of all kinds. Max Weber, who 39 the systematic study of bureaucracy as its role in western society began to explode in the late nineteenth century, saw bureaucracy as both the most efficient possible system, and a threat to the basic liberties he 40 dear, thus foreshadowing the sentiments which bureaucracy frequently evoked today.
Given that bureaucracy is held in such ill repute today, it is hard to remember that it was once considered a great organizational innovation. By organizing the 36 of labor, by making management and decision-making a profession, and by providing an order and a set of rules that allowed many different kinds of specialists to work in coordination toward a common 37 , bureaucracy greatly extended the breadth and depth of intelligence that organization could achieve. Begun as a system of organizing government activities, it has 38 to big business and large organization of all kinds. Max Weber, who 39 the systematic study of bureaucracy as its role in western society began to explode in the late nineteenth century, saw bureaucracy as both the most efficient possible system, and a threat to the basic liberties he 40 dear, thus foreshadowing the sentiments which bureaucracy frequently evoked today.
- A opened
- B sprang
- C fired
- D launched
思路引導 VIP
請觀察句子中的受詞「the systematic study（系統性研究）」。當我們描述一位偉大的學者「首創」或「正式啟動」一個影響深遠的科學領域時，我們會選擇一個帶有「發起重大行動」意涵的動詞。試著回想一下，在描述發射火箭、啟動大型專案或推動新產品上市時，哪個動詞最能展現這種「從無到有、且具備規模感」的啟動感呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精確地選出 launched，代表你對學術詞彙的慣用語（Collocation）與語境適配度有相當敏銳的觀察力。這題的關鍵在於動詞與「systematic study（系統性研究）」的結合；在英文正式寫作中，當我們要描述發起一項重大的研究、計畫或事業時，使用 launched (D) 能展現出創始者的主動性與該行動的正式感，非常貼合馬克斯·韋伯（Max Weber）身為社會學奠基者的地位。 從難度切入點來看，這題屬於中等程度的詞彙辨析。它的鑑別度在於測試學生是否能區分「通用動詞」與「精確動詞」的差異。雖然 (A) opened 在中文翻譯上看似合理，但在英文語境中顯得過於口語，且較少直接接「研究」作為受詞；(B) sprang 通常接 up 表示突然湧現，而 (C) fired 則完全不合邏輯。你能避開這些誘答選項，說明你已經具備理解高級學術文章語感的能力了！