hce_tcu
112年
英文
第 21 題
📖 題組：
【B】 Scientists have long known that specific genes are associated with a number of serious diseases and birth defects. Scientists have used this knowledge to develop tests to identify defective genes, which are the result of 21 , a natural process that alters the genetic material. Researchers have identified a large number of genes that are responsible for life-threatening conditions, such as cystic fibrosis, a disease that shortens people’s lives by attacking their lungs, and Huntington’s disease, a fatal brain condition. Once these genes are 22 , genetic tests for many such diseases become available. These tests can indicate if a person has a specific defective gene. By 2011, researchers had developed more than 2,000 genetic tests, which allow doctors to inform patients if they have 23 these genes and if they risk passing them to their children. The tests are a significant 24 in genetic research, because they provide people who have genetic defects with important information. However, the tests also introduce complex ethical issues. If patients find out that they have a dangerous genetic defect, they may not know what to do. Their decision will depend on several factors. In some cases, identification of the gene only suggests the 25 that the patients will develop the disease associated with the gene. For example, women who have inherited the harmful BRCA gene mutation have a much higher chance of developing breast cancer than other women do.
【B】 Scientists have long known that specific genes are associated with a number of serious diseases and birth defects. Scientists have used this knowledge to develop tests to identify defective genes, which are the result of 21 , a natural process that alters the genetic material. Researchers have identified a large number of genes that are responsible for life-threatening conditions, such as cystic fibrosis, a disease that shortens people’s lives by attacking their lungs, and Huntington’s disease, a fatal brain condition. Once these genes are 22 , genetic tests for many such diseases become available. These tests can indicate if a person has a specific defective gene. By 2011, researchers had developed more than 2,000 genetic tests, which allow doctors to inform patients if they have 23 these genes and if they risk passing them to their children. The tests are a significant 24 in genetic research, because they provide people who have genetic defects with important information. However, the tests also introduce complex ethical issues. If patients find out that they have a dangerous genetic defect, they may not know what to do. Their decision will depend on several factors. In some cases, identification of the gene only suggests the 25 that the patients will develop the disease associated with the gene. For example, women who have inherited the harmful BRCA gene mutation have a much higher chance of developing breast cancer than other women do.
- A mutation
- B addition
- C variation
- D complication
思路引導 VIP
如果有一個自然過程會直接「更動」生物體的去氧核糖核酸（DNA）序列，導致其特徵與原本不同並可能引發疾病，在生物學上我們會用哪一個專業術語來形容這種「遺傳層次的轉變」呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
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