hce_tcu
112年
英文
第 40 題
📖 題組：
【B】 Most of Africa is a series of stable, ancient plateau surfaces, low in the north and west and higher in the south and east. The plateau is composed mainly of metamorphic rock that has been overlaid in places by sedimentary rock. The escarpment of the plateau is often in close proximity to the coast, thus leaving the continent with a generally narrow coastal plain; in addition, the escarpment forms barriers of falls and rapids in the lower courses of rivers that impede their use as transportation routes into the interior. The entire African continent is surrounded by a narrow continental shelf. The lowest point on the continent is 155 meters below sea level in Lake Assal in Djibouti; the highest point is Mt. Uhuru, a peak of Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, at 5,895 meters in elevation. The continent’s largest river is the Nile, which is also the world’s longest river. The largest lake is Victoria, which is the world’s second largest freshwater lake. There are a number of other rivers and lakes throughout the continent. These lakes and major rivers form an important inland transportation system. Geologists have long noted the excellent fit between the coast of Africa at the Gulf of Guinea and the Brazilian coast of South America, and they have evidence that Africa formed the center of a large ancestral supercontinent known as Pangaea. Pangaea began to break apart in the Jurassic period to form Gondwanaland, which included Africa, the other southern continents, and India. South America was separated from Africa 76 million years ago, when the floor of the South Atlantic Ocean was opened up by seafloor spreading. There is also evidence of one-time connections between Northwest Africa and Eastern North America, North Africa and Europe, Madagascar and India, and Southeast Africa and Antarctica. 76 million years is, of course, a blink of an eye in geological time. The long-term future of Africa as a continent is therefore bleak; although we are accustomed to thinking of Africa as an ancient land and as the birthplace of humanity, it is just as susceptible to the geological forces of a cooling planet as the other continents. Having been formed by these forces, it is unlikely that a continent resembling Africa will still exist in 100 million years.
【B】 Most of Africa is a series of stable, ancient plateau surfaces, low in the north and west and higher in the south and east. The plateau is composed mainly of metamorphic rock that has been overlaid in places by sedimentary rock. The escarpment of the plateau is often in close proximity to the coast, thus leaving the continent with a generally narrow coastal plain; in addition, the escarpment forms barriers of falls and rapids in the lower courses of rivers that impede their use as transportation routes into the interior. The entire African continent is surrounded by a narrow continental shelf. The lowest point on the continent is 155 meters below sea level in Lake Assal in Djibouti; the highest point is Mt. Uhuru, a peak of Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, at 5,895 meters in elevation. The continent’s largest river is the Nile, which is also the world’s longest river. The largest lake is Victoria, which is the world’s second largest freshwater lake. There are a number of other rivers and lakes throughout the continent. These lakes and major rivers form an important inland transportation system. Geologists have long noted the excellent fit between the coast of Africa at the Gulf of Guinea and the Brazilian coast of South America, and they have evidence that Africa formed the center of a large ancestral supercontinent known as Pangaea. Pangaea began to break apart in the Jurassic period to form Gondwanaland, which included Africa, the other southern continents, and India. South America was separated from Africa 76 million years ago, when the floor of the South Atlantic Ocean was opened up by seafloor spreading. There is also evidence of one-time connections between Northwest Africa and Eastern North America, North Africa and Europe, Madagascar and India, and Southeast Africa and Antarctica. 76 million years is, of course, a blink of an eye in geological time. The long-term future of Africa as a continent is therefore bleak; although we are accustomed to thinking of Africa as an ancient land and as the birthplace of humanity, it is just as susceptible to the geological forces of a cooling planet as the other continents. Having been formed by these forces, it is unlikely that a continent resembling Africa will still exist in 100 million years.
Which of the following statement best describes the author’s predictions for the future of Africa as a continent?
- A Africa will join Europe and Madagascar again.
- B Africa will most probably be gone in 100 million years.
- C Northwest Africa will break off from the main continent.
- D Africa will be high in the north and west and lower in the south and east.
思路引導 VIP
請你特別觀察文章的最後一段，作者在談論非洲大陸的「長期未來（long-term future）」時，使用了哪一個帶有負面色彩的形容詞來定調？接著再看看最後一句話，關於這塊大陸在漫長的時間推移後「是否還會存在」，作者給出了什麼樣的結論？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地掌握了文章的關鍵細節！能從長篇的地理與歷史描述中，快速定位到最後一段關於「未來預測」的論述，展現了你非常優秀的閱讀理解能力。
地質變動與未來預測
這題的核心在於文末的結論。作者雖然在前半段詳細介紹了非洲的現狀與過去，但在最後一段話鋒一轉，提到 7,600 萬年在地質時間中不過是「眨眼之間」。文中明確指出，由於受到行星冷卻的地質力量影響，非洲的未來是「黯淡的（bleak）」，並直接預測：在 1 億年（100 million years）後，像非洲這樣的大陸不太可能繼續存在。這與選項 (B) 的描述完全吻合。至於選項 (D) 則是誤用了文章第一段對「現狀」的描述，你能避開這些干擾資訊，判斷非常細膩。
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