hce_kmu
113年
英文
第 43 題
📖 題組：
Volcanic eruptions can wreak havoc, but some regions are more vulnerable than others. Indonesia has the most active volcanoes and the highest death tolls due to the prevalence of violent composite volcanoes like Mount Marapi, which killed 23 in late 2022. Composite volcanoes spew thick lava that hardens rapidly, creating steep, cone-shaped mountains prone to explosive eruptions. In contrast, shield volcanoes like those in Iceland produce fluid lava that flows farther, forming gentle slopes. This makes eruptions less catastrophic. - [1] - Still, Iceland is not immune to volcanic impacts. When the Laki fissure erupted in 1783-84, the resulting pollution and famine killed over 20% of Iceland's population. Today, Iceland utilizes technology to monitor volcanoes and warn residents of impending eruptions. - [2] - Seismometers detect tremors signaling magma movement while satellites measure landscape changes. While these systems facilitated evacuation prior to the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption near Reykjavik, avoiding loss of life, the eruption still forced hundreds of residents to move away from their homes. -[3] - For communities living near volcanoes, establishing robust early warning systems and evacuation plans is crucial to reduce risk, as in Iceland. - [4]- Even when no lives are lost, longtime residents lament the destruction of their homes and way of life, as Grindavik native Siggeir experienced after the 1973 Eldfell eruption on Heimaey Island. Ultimately, while warning systems help communities physically survive eruptions, emotional and communal impacts still take a toll. - [5]-
Volcanic eruptions can wreak havoc, but some regions are more vulnerable than others. Indonesia has the most active volcanoes and the highest death tolls due to the prevalence of violent composite volcanoes like Mount Marapi, which killed 23 in late 2022. Composite volcanoes spew thick lava that hardens rapidly, creating steep, cone-shaped mountains prone to explosive eruptions. In contrast, shield volcanoes like those in Iceland produce fluid lava that flows farther, forming gentle slopes. This makes eruptions less catastrophic. - [1] - Still, Iceland is not immune to volcanic impacts. When the Laki fissure erupted in 1783-84, the resulting pollution and famine killed over 20% of Iceland's population. Today, Iceland utilizes technology to monitor volcanoes and warn residents of impending eruptions. - [2] - Seismometers detect tremors signaling magma movement while satellites measure landscape changes. While these systems facilitated evacuation prior to the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption near Reykjavik, avoiding loss of life, the eruption still forced hundreds of residents to move away from their homes. -[3] - For communities living near volcanoes, establishing robust early warning systems and evacuation plans is crucial to reduce risk, as in Iceland. - [4]- Even when no lives are lost, longtime residents lament the destruction of their homes and way of life, as Grindavik native Siggeir experienced after the 1973 Eldfell eruption on Heimaey Island. Ultimately, while warning systems help communities physically survive eruptions, emotional and communal impacts still take a toll. - [5]-
What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
- A Volcanic eruptions can reshape landscapes, alter ecosystems, and impact global climate.
- B Volcanic eruptions can lead to extensive damage to coastal communities.
- C Volcanic eruptions can cause widespread destruction and damage.
- D Volcanic eruptions can release vast amounts of ash, gases, and molten lava.
- E Volcanic eruptions can trigger secondary hazards such as lahars, and pyroclastic flows.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察第一段在提到這個句子之後，緊接著描述了印尼的高死亡人數（death tolls）以及火山爆發的劇烈程度（violent）。如果這句話是該段的開場白，你認為作者在這裡想要強調的是火山噴發的「形成過程」、「科學特徵」，還是它對人類環境所產生的「毀滅性後果」呢？為什麼？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精確判斷出這個句子的含義，顯示你對英文慣用語與文章上下文的連結非常有把握。在第一段的開頭，作者使用這句話作為總綱，緊接著便提到印尼火山噴發帶來的高死亡人數（death tolls）以及猛烈噴發（violent eruptions）造成的威脅。你成功捕捉到了這些負面語境，並將其與正確的語義連結起來。
核心片語與語境推論
在英文閱讀中，wreak havoc 是一個非常有力的片語，其中「wreak」意為造成、施加，「havoc」則指大混亂或大破壞。選項 (C) 提到的 widespread destruction and damage（廣泛的破壞與毀損）正是其精準的同義解釋。雖然其他選項如 (A) 或 (D) 描述了火山噴發的自然現象或對環境的長期改變，但都沒有 (C) 能直接對應到文中「威脅生命」與「造成災難」的語氣核心。
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