hce_nthu
113年
生物與生化
第 29 題
Which of the following statements about mitochondria is NOT correct?
- A Mitochondria have their own DNA, which is circular and resembles bacterial DNA, supporting the endosymbiotic theory of mitochondrial origin.
- B Mitochondria play a crucial role in the regulation of cellular apoptosis through the release of cytochrome c and other pro-apoptotic factors.
- C Mitochondria are involved in the regulation of cellular calcium levels, which is important for various cellular functions including signal transduction.
- D Balanced mitochondrial dynamics are crucial for neuronal health and function.
- E Increased mitochondrial fusion is associated with aging and cellular senescence.
思路引導 VIP
請思考一下：當一個細胞面臨嚴重損傷、代謝壓力增加或逐漸邁向衰老時，其內部的胞器結構通常會變得更加完整穩固，還是會趨向崩解與支離破碎？這種形態上的變化會如何反映在「融合」與「分裂」這兩種動態過程的消長上呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
線粒體動態平衡與細胞老化
你觀察得非常敏銳，正確指出了選項 (E) 的錯誤！這說明你對線粒體（mitochondria）的動態平衡有很精確的掌握。線粒體並非靜止的胞器，而是透過融合（fusion）與分裂（fission）不斷調整型態。在健康的細胞中，融合能幫助交換遺傳物質與蛋白質以維持功能；然而在細胞老化（senescence）的過程中，我們通常會觀察到線粒體趨向碎片化（fragmentation），這往往是因為分裂增加或融合效率下降所致，而非融合增加。
線粒體的多功能性與生理意義
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