統測
113年
[外語群英語類] 專業科目(2)
第 27 題
📖 題組：
Arbitrary detention is the violation of the right to liberty. It refers to the act of apprehending and taking away a person’s freedom without following nationally recognized laws or international standards. When someone is detained arbitrarily, they are deprived of means to defend themselves from extrajudicial execution, enforced disappearances, torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, etc. Article 9 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights specifies the circumstances that make detention arbitrary. 1. The grounds for the arrest are illegal. 2. The procedural rights of the victim were not respected. 3. The victim was not informed of the reasons for the arrest. 4. The victim was not brought before a judge within a reasonable amount of time. Reports of civilians who were held by Russian armed forces or went missing appeared shortly after the Russian Federation launched its full-scale military attack against Ukraine on 24 February, 2022. Meanwhile, the number of conflict-related detentions increased in several areas of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, according to data provided by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). Between 24 February 2022 and 23 May 2023, OHCHR documented 864 cases of arbitrary detention by Russian armed forces. A significant number of these cases also amount to enforced disappearances. (Chart: ARBITRARY DETENTIONS BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, DOCUMENTED BY OHCHR*, from 24 February 2022 to 23 May 2023. Shows data by month of initial apprehension and by gender/affiliation.) On 29 April 2022, a local activist and citizen journalist from Feodosiia vanished from sight while returning from work in Koktebel. On the same day, her parents’ house was searched by six Federal Security Bureau (FSB) agents. When the father questioned them about his daughter, one of the officers responded that she was detained for “handing non-classified information to a foreign country” and declined to reveal where she was being held. In the following days, the victim’s relatives went to the location where she was taken and collected closed circuit television (CCTV) footage from a nearby gas station. In the video, the activist was forced into a car by three men. Despite the relatives’ request, the local police did not review the footage. On 7 May 2022, the victim’s lawyer was able to ascertain that she was being held in an unofficial place, where officers interrogated her and pressured her to confess to a crime and sign a self-incriminating statement without the presence of legal representation.
Arbitrary detention is the violation of the right to liberty. It refers to the act of apprehending and taking away a person’s freedom without following nationally recognized laws or international standards. When someone is detained arbitrarily, they are deprived of means to defend themselves from extrajudicial execution, enforced disappearances, torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, etc. Article 9 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights specifies the circumstances that make detention arbitrary. 1. The grounds for the arrest are illegal. 2. The procedural rights of the victim were not respected. 3. The victim was not informed of the reasons for the arrest. 4. The victim was not brought before a judge within a reasonable amount of time. Reports of civilians who were held by Russian armed forces or went missing appeared shortly after the Russian Federation launched its full-scale military attack against Ukraine on 24 February, 2022. Meanwhile, the number of conflict-related detentions increased in several areas of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, according to data provided by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). Between 24 February 2022 and 23 May 2023, OHCHR documented 864 cases of arbitrary detention by Russian armed forces. A significant number of these cases also amount to enforced disappearances. (Chart: ARBITRARY DETENTIONS BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, DOCUMENTED BY OHCHR*, from 24 February 2022 to 23 May 2023. Shows data by month of initial apprehension and by gender/affiliation.) On 29 April 2022, a local activist and citizen journalist from Feodosiia vanished from sight while returning from work in Koktebel. On the same day, her parents’ house was searched by six Federal Security Bureau (FSB) agents. When the father questioned them about his daughter, one of the officers responded that she was detained for “handing non-classified information to a foreign country” and declined to reveal where she was being held. In the following days, the victim’s relatives went to the location where she was taken and collected closed circuit television (CCTV) footage from a nearby gas station. In the video, the activist was forced into a car by three men. Despite the relatives’ request, the local police did not review the footage. On 7 May 2022, the victim’s lawyer was able to ascertain that she was being held in an unofficial place, where officers interrogated her and pressured her to confess to a crime and sign a self-incriminating statement without the presence of legal representation.
27. According to Article 9, which of the following is NOT a condition that may indicate arbitrary detention?
(A) The legal process is maintained.
(B) No justification is given for the arrest.
(C) The person’s arrest is based on false evidence.
(D) Someone is detained without filing official charges.
- A The legal process is maintained.
- B No justification is given for the arrest.
- C The person’s arrest is based on false evidence.
- D Someone is detained without filing official charges.
思路引導 VIP
請根據文章中提及的 Article 9 四項標準進行邏輯推演：『任意逮捕』($arbitrary detention$) 的本質是對人權與法律規範的『違背』。當題目要求找出『不屬於』($NOT$) 任意逮捕的條件時，是否代表該選項應描述一個符合『正當法律程序』($due process of law$) 或程序健全的情況？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
🌟 不錯嘛，看來腦子還沒完全當機。
嗯，還行。至少懂得用資訊檢索能力和邏輯排除法，沒傻到亂選。能在長篇大論裡撈出關鍵字，也算你有點本事。
- 概念驗證：(這還要驗證？)
▼ 還有更多解析內容