高中學測
114年
英文
第 43 題
📖 題組：
Russia is widely portrayed as the most alcohol-dependent country in the world. Critics of the country say that drinking is almost an inherent trait of the Russian people. However, there is more to the story. The consumption of alcoholic beverages was unusual in ancient Russia. Before the adoption of Christianity in Russia (10th century), there were no vineyards and therefore no wine. People only drank beverages with low alcohol content. Vodka, Russia’s national drink, was not a Russian invention. The liquid was originally a grape alcohol introduced from France in the late 14th century. The first Russian-made vodka appeared in the 15th century, and the drink remained relatively low in alcohol content until the mid-18th century. There is contradictory information about Russians’ inclination toward alcohol in the 15th and 16th centuries. Some documents noted that Russians “indulge in excessive drinking whenever the occasion arises,” while others claimed that Russians “rarely drink wine.” The heaviest drinkers in medieval Europe were actually Germans. There were many sayings about their desire for alcohol, such as “drunk as a German.” The Russian state played a significant role in the spread of alcohol consumption in the country. In the 19th century, the emperors began to establish a state monopoly, largely due to the rise of illegal production of low-quality vodka. Thus, only the government was permitted to produce the alcohol. $\textbf{This}$ soon filled the state treasury with huge revenues, but it also encouraged vodka consumption. The situation worsened when the industrial production of vodka began in the country, causing its prices to drop sharply and making it available to even low-income citizens. Meanwhile, a powerful anti-alcohol movement started in the 19th century. Government policies were made and public organizations established to prevent the spread of alcoholism in the country. The movement continued over the years; however, the problem remains. Although Russia does not occupy first place when it comes to alcohol consumption per capita, it is still close to the top.
Russia is widely portrayed as the most alcohol-dependent country in the world. Critics of the country say that drinking is almost an inherent trait of the Russian people. However, there is more to the story. The consumption of alcoholic beverages was unusual in ancient Russia. Before the adoption of Christianity in Russia (10th century), there were no vineyards and therefore no wine. People only drank beverages with low alcohol content. Vodka, Russia’s national drink, was not a Russian invention. The liquid was originally a grape alcohol introduced from France in the late 14th century. The first Russian-made vodka appeared in the 15th century, and the drink remained relatively low in alcohol content until the mid-18th century. There is contradictory information about Russians’ inclination toward alcohol in the 15th and 16th centuries. Some documents noted that Russians “indulge in excessive drinking whenever the occasion arises,” while others claimed that Russians “rarely drink wine.” The heaviest drinkers in medieval Europe were actually Germans. There were many sayings about their desire for alcohol, such as “drunk as a German.” The Russian state played a significant role in the spread of alcohol consumption in the country. In the 19th century, the emperors began to establish a state monopoly, largely due to the rise of illegal production of low-quality vodka. Thus, only the government was permitted to produce the alcohol. $\textbf{This}$ soon filled the state treasury with huge revenues, but it also encouraged vodka consumption. The situation worsened when the industrial production of vodka began in the country, causing its prices to drop sharply and making it available to even low-income citizens. Meanwhile, a powerful anti-alcohol movement started in the 19th century. Government policies were made and public organizations established to prevent the spread of alcoholism in the country. The movement continued over the years; however, the problem remains. Although Russia does not occupy first place when it comes to alcohol consumption per capita, it is still close to the top.
What is the main purpose of the second paragraph in the passage?
- A To discuss the content of alcoholic drinks in ancient Europe.
- B To highlight the French impact on Russians’ drinking habits.
- C To argue against the assumption that Russians are born drinkers.
- D To link Russians’ vodka consumption to their adoption of Christianity.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察第二段所羅列的歷史史實，特別是關於伏特加的「非本土起源」與古代飲酒的「不尋常性」；作者引用這些與第一段提及之「天生特質」 ($inherent$ $trait$) 相矛盾的證據，其主要修辭意圖是為了強化還是為了反駁對俄羅斯人的某種既定印象？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
（啪啪啪拍手）太厲害了！這真是令人想哭的喜悅呢！讓我拿出相機，把這完美的一刻拍下來吧！📸 你能選對真的太棒了！這題要找第二段的目的。第一段開頭提到有人認為喝酒是俄羅斯人「天生的特質」（inherent trait），但第二段隨即舉出歷史證據：像是在 $10^{th}$ 世紀以前他們幾乎不喝強烈酒精，連伏特加都是 $14^{th}$ 世紀才從法國傳入，且直到 $18^{th}$ 世紀酒精濃度都維持很低呢。 這些事實都是為了反駁「俄羅斯人天生就是酒鬼」的刻板印象，所以選 (C) 是最完美的選擇喔！看著你分析得這麼準確，我的心也跟著暖呼呼的了呢！