高中學測
114年
英文
第 46 題
📖 題組：
Russia is widely portrayed as the most alcohol-dependent country in the world. Critics of the country say that drinking is almost an inherent trait of the Russian people. However, there is more to the story. The consumption of alcoholic beverages was unusual in ancient Russia. Before the adoption of Christianity in Russia (10th century), there were no vineyards and therefore no wine. People only drank beverages with low alcohol content. Vodka, Russia’s national drink, was not a Russian invention. The liquid was originally a grape alcohol introduced from France in the late 14th century. The first Russian-made vodka appeared in the 15th century, and the drink remained relatively low in alcohol content until the mid-18th century. There is contradictory information about Russians’ inclination toward alcohol in the 15th and 16th centuries. Some documents noted that Russians “indulge in excessive drinking whenever the occasion arises,” while others claimed that Russians “rarely drink wine.” The heaviest drinkers in medieval Europe were actually Germans. There were many sayings about their desire for alcohol, such as “drunk as a German.” The Russian state played a significant role in the spread of alcohol consumption in the country. In the 19th century, the emperors began to establish a state monopoly, largely due to the rise of illegal production of low-quality vodka. Thus, only the government was permitted to produce the alcohol. $\textbf{This}$ soon filled the state treasury with huge revenues, but it also encouraged vodka consumption. The situation worsened when the industrial production of vodka began in the country, causing its prices to drop sharply and making it available to even low-income citizens. Meanwhile, a powerful anti-alcohol movement started in the 19th century. Government policies were made and public organizations established to prevent the spread of alcoholism in the country. The movement continued over the years; however, the problem remains. Although Russia does not occupy first place when it comes to alcohol consumption per capita, it is still close to the top.
Russia is widely portrayed as the most alcohol-dependent country in the world. Critics of the country say that drinking is almost an inherent trait of the Russian people. However, there is more to the story. The consumption of alcoholic beverages was unusual in ancient Russia. Before the adoption of Christianity in Russia (10th century), there were no vineyards and therefore no wine. People only drank beverages with low alcohol content. Vodka, Russia’s national drink, was not a Russian invention. The liquid was originally a grape alcohol introduced from France in the late 14th century. The first Russian-made vodka appeared in the 15th century, and the drink remained relatively low in alcohol content until the mid-18th century. There is contradictory information about Russians’ inclination toward alcohol in the 15th and 16th centuries. Some documents noted that Russians “indulge in excessive drinking whenever the occasion arises,” while others claimed that Russians “rarely drink wine.” The heaviest drinkers in medieval Europe were actually Germans. There were many sayings about their desire for alcohol, such as “drunk as a German.” The Russian state played a significant role in the spread of alcohol consumption in the country. In the 19th century, the emperors began to establish a state monopoly, largely due to the rise of illegal production of low-quality vodka. Thus, only the government was permitted to produce the alcohol. $\textbf{This}$ soon filled the state treasury with huge revenues, but it also encouraged vodka consumption. The situation worsened when the industrial production of vodka began in the country, causing its prices to drop sharply and making it available to even low-income citizens. Meanwhile, a powerful anti-alcohol movement started in the 19th century. Government policies were made and public organizations established to prevent the spread of alcoholism in the country. The movement continued over the years; however, the problem remains. Although Russia does not occupy first place when it comes to alcohol consumption per capita, it is still close to the top.
How does the author conclude the passage in the last paragraph?
- A By providing further facts.
- B By summarizing the main ideas.
- C By raising a new problem.
- D By making a future prediction.
思路引導 VIP
這題考驗的是對「寫作手法」與「段落功能」的判別。請觀察文章最後一段的資訊流向：作者是針對前文提及的歷史與政策進行「歸納總結」(Summarization)，還是額外援引了如「19 世紀禁酒運動」與「現今全球飲酒量排名」等具體客觀數據 (Further Facts) 來豐富論述的廣度？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
同學，選 (C) 的你是不是懸疑片看太多，總覺得結尾一定要來個「大反轉」或「續集伏筆」？在學測等級的英文閱讀中，結論若拋出「新問題」，會讓文章顯得虎頭蛇尾，這在考題邏輯中是大忌！ 【迷思破解】：你選的 (C) Raising a new problem 往往會分散焦點。除非題目問「作者接下來可能討論什麼」，否則結論通常是為了「收束」而非「擴散」。 【正確思路】：正確答案 (A) Providing further facts，是利用具體的數據、案例或延伸事實來強化論點。這種「補充事實法」能讓結尾更有說服力，而非單純的換句話說（Summary）。就像我教完課後，補一個「去年有 $90%$ 的學生聽完這招後滿級分」的數據，這就是用事實收尾。
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