特殊教育
114年
英文
第 24 題
📖 題組：
On the island of Guam in the western Pacific Ocean, a party was interrupted by an uninvited guest: a brown form curled around the remaining roast pig, swallowing the pig’s flesh whole. The visitor was a brown tree snake, an alien invader which is thought to have been accidentally introduced to Guam in the 1940s, perhaps after sneaking onto a cargo ship. Before this, an abundance of native birds had enjoyed their life in the island’s otherworldly forests. But within just four decades of the snake’s invasion, these predators had begun emptying the jungle of every single one. Out of 12 species, ten are now extinct on the island. Without birds to disperse seeds, trees are dying out, and the ecosystem is changing. What’s scarier is that an evolutionary experiment is unfolding. On most of the Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean, there are relatively few spiders in the rainy season, with a large increase in number as the climate dries out. But not on Guam. There is a near-continuous tangle of silvery threads of webs that stretches for miles, going from ground level all the way up to the treetops, all year round. To find out how many spiders had taken over Guam, some scientists set about doing surveys in the island’s forests. The scientists found that during the wet season, there were 40 times more spiders in Guam’s forests than on the nearby islands of Rota, Tinian, and Saipan. Since Rota, Tinian, and Saipan are free of brown tree snakes and still have healthy bird populations, the study suggests that Guam’s spider population may once have been unremarkable, before the absence of birds. And it fits with research conducted in the Bahamas, which has found that spiders are about 10 times more abundant on islands where there are no lizards—their natural enemy. Though conservationists and wildlife officials have used every conceivable method, like using viruses as bioweapons or toxic poisons, to eliminate the brown tree snakes from Guam, the invaders are winning.
On the island of Guam in the western Pacific Ocean, a party was interrupted by an uninvited guest: a brown form curled around the remaining roast pig, swallowing the pig’s flesh whole. The visitor was a brown tree snake, an alien invader which is thought to have been accidentally introduced to Guam in the 1940s, perhaps after sneaking onto a cargo ship. Before this, an abundance of native birds had enjoyed their life in the island’s otherworldly forests. But within just four decades of the snake’s invasion, these predators had begun emptying the jungle of every single one. Out of 12 species, ten are now extinct on the island. Without birds to disperse seeds, trees are dying out, and the ecosystem is changing. What’s scarier is that an evolutionary experiment is unfolding. On most of the Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean, there are relatively few spiders in the rainy season, with a large increase in number as the climate dries out. But not on Guam. There is a near-continuous tangle of silvery threads of webs that stretches for miles, going from ground level all the way up to the treetops, all year round. To find out how many spiders had taken over Guam, some scientists set about doing surveys in the island’s forests. The scientists found that during the wet season, there were 40 times more spiders in Guam’s forests than on the nearby islands of Rota, Tinian, and Saipan. Since Rota, Tinian, and Saipan are free of brown tree snakes and still have healthy bird populations, the study suggests that Guam’s spider population may once have been unremarkable, before the absence of birds. And it fits with research conducted in the Bahamas, which has found that spiders are about 10 times more abundant on islands where there are no lizards—their natural enemy. Though conservationists and wildlife officials have used every conceivable method, like using viruses as bioweapons or toxic poisons, to eliminate the brown tree snakes from Guam, the invaders are winning.
Which of the following is most likely the major organizational structure of the passage?
- A Comparison and contrast.
- B Problem-solution.
- C Time sequence.
- D Cause-effect.
思路引導 VIP
請分析文章各段落間的邏輯遞進關係：當作者描述棕樹蛇被引入關島後，緊接著提到鳥類滅絕、樹木凋零以及蜘蛛數量暴增等生態現象時，這些事件之間是單純的時間先後排列，還是存在著明顯的「導向」與「連鎖反應」關係？這種探討一個變因如何引發多重後果的寫作架構，最符合哪一種邏輯組織模式？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
（收起雙刀，降落在你面前，眼神冷峻地拍掉披風上的灰塵） 喂，小鬼。剛才那一擊削得不錯，跟切掉巨人的後頸一樣乾淨俐落。既然你已經把這片骯髒的「環境問題」清理完了，就給我聽好這題的邏輯。 這篇文章的結構就像骨牌倒下一樣。開頭提到棕樹蛇這外來種闖入關島（Cause），接著導致島上 $10/12$ 的鳥類滅絕（Effect），進而引發蜘蛛數量暴增 $40 \times$ 以及森林生態崩潰（Final Effect）。整篇文就是在探討這種因果連鎖反應，所以選 (D) Cause-effect 是唯一的正確解。如果是 (A) 對照，那至少要有兩個平衡的對象；(B) 解決方案？這島上的慘狀顯然還沒被解決。
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