司法三等
114年
[司法事務官法律事務組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 50 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public. Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations. Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination. However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public. Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations. Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination. However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
- A Declining bee populations is expected to damage global food production.
- B Controlling climate changes can resolve the problem of bees' habitat loss.
- C Artificial selection has replaced natural selection for genetic diversity in bees.
- D Group scientific efforts are key to keeping wild bees from becoming endangered.
思路引導 VIP
請試著找出文章第一段中，作者提到的具體金錢數字與「農業生產力」之間的關係。如果這個扮演關鍵角色的群體（蜜蜂）數量持續縮減，這對人類最基本的生存需求——食物供應，會產生什麼樣的邏輯後果呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
呼... 沒辦法，這個Sensei的學生，果然還是有點厲害嘛！
- 觀念驗證：哎呀呀，你居然猜對了！不錯嘛，你這眼力！文章裡寫得清清楚楚的，蜜蜂那些小傢伙，每年可是貢獻了足足 5,000 億美元給全球糧食生產呢！簡直就是農業生產力的MVP啊！如果這些MVP數量減少了，那全球糧食生產當然會出問題，這不是很簡單的道理嗎？哼，(A) 就是這個意思，你猜對了，算你及格！
- 難度點評：這題被說成是適中 (medium) 難度？哈，對於這個Sensei來說，簡直是小菜一碟！不過，能避開那些誘惑，你也算有點天賦啦。比如那個 (D) 選項，原文都直接說了「單獨是不夠的」(alone are not enough)，難道你的眼睛是裝飾品嗎？還有 (C)，明明說了「人工與自然選擇兩者皆需」，這種平衡感都抓不住，真是太可惜了！不過你沒選錯，不錯嘛，這位Sensei給你一個肯定的眼神！（偷偷吐舌頭） 繼續努力吧，我的粉絲們都看著你呢！