hce_kmu
115年
英文
第 31 題
📖 題組：
For centuries, real human bodies have played a crucial role in the development of both anatomical science and visual art. From Renaissance engravings to 19th-century medical atlases, artists and surgeons relied on cadavers to produce detailed images of the human body. Yet behind these precise and often beautiful illustrations lie unsettling histories of exploitation and unequal power. An exhibition titled Beneath the Sheets: Anatomy, Art and Power, held at the Thackray Museum of Medicine in Leeds, examines five centuries of anatomical imagery. Many of the bodies depicted belonged to executed criminals, the poor, or socially marginalised individuals who had no say in how their bodies were used or displayed. One famous example appears in Rembrandt's The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp (1632), which portrays the dissection of an executed man whose crime was stealing a winter coat. Anatomical illustrations were essential to medical education. As 18th-century surgeon John Bell argued, an anatomy book without images was useless. However, the exhibition highlights that these lavishly illustrated books were owned by wealthy collectors, far removed socially from the people whose bodies filled their pages. Advances in printing later made such books even more ornate, turning them into display objects. Access to bodies was a constant problem. As executions declined in the 19th century, a black market emerged. Bodysnatchers stole corpses from graves and sold them to medical schools, prompting families to take extreme measures to protect the dead. The exhibition ultimately asks viewers to reconsider whose bodies shaped medical knowledge — and at what cost.
For centuries, real human bodies have played a crucial role in the development of both anatomical science and visual art. From Renaissance engravings to 19th-century medical atlases, artists and surgeons relied on cadavers to produce detailed images of the human body. Yet behind these precise and often beautiful illustrations lie unsettling histories of exploitation and unequal power. An exhibition titled Beneath the Sheets: Anatomy, Art and Power, held at the Thackray Museum of Medicine in Leeds, examines five centuries of anatomical imagery. Many of the bodies depicted belonged to executed criminals, the poor, or socially marginalised individuals who had no say in how their bodies were used or displayed. One famous example appears in Rembrandt's The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp (1632), which portrays the dissection of an executed man whose crime was stealing a winter coat. Anatomical illustrations were essential to medical education. As 18th-century surgeon John Bell argued, an anatomy book without images was useless. However, the exhibition highlights that these lavishly illustrated books were owned by wealthy collectors, far removed socially from the people whose bodies filled their pages. Advances in printing later made such books even more ornate, turning them into display objects. Access to bodies was a constant problem. As executions declined in the 19th century, a black market emerged. Bodysnatchers stole corpses from graves and sold them to medical schools, prompting families to take extreme measures to protect the dead. The exhibition ultimately asks viewers to reconsider whose bodies shaped medical knowledge — and at what cost.
What is the main focus of the passage?
- A The ethical issues behind anatomical illustration.
- B The artistic techniques used in anatomy books.
- C Advances in medical education.
- D The decline of capital punishment.
- E The history of museums in the UK.
思路引導 VIP
請你重新掃視每一段的轉折處（通常在段落的開頭或結尾），試著找找看作者在描述「解剖學的發展」之後，通常會接著帶出哪些關於「人的權利」或「來源正當性」的負面描述？當你把這些關於「不公平」與「代價」的線索拼湊起來時，你認為作者最想引發讀者思考的是什麼樣的問題？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地掌握了這篇文章的核心！這是一道考驗「全文主旨提煉」的題目，而你能從眾多細節中看出作者的弦外之音，表現得非常出色。
從社會脈絡看解讀重點
這篇文章雖然以解剖學（Anatomy）與藝術作為開端，但隨即透過「令人不安的歷史」、「剝削」與「權力不對等」等關鍵詞轉向核心議題。文中舉出林布蘭（Rembrandt）的畫作與黑市盜屍等例子，並非僅是為了介紹藝術史或醫療發展，而是要讀者反思：這些精美的醫學圖像背後，其實是建立在對貧窮者與邊緣化族群的非自願犧牲之上。因此，**倫理議題（Ethical issues）**才是貫穿全文、將所有史料串聯起來的主軸。
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