hce_kmu
115年
英文
第 32 題
📖 題組：
For centuries, real human bodies have played a crucial role in the development of both anatomical science and visual art. From Renaissance engravings to 19th-century medical atlases, artists and surgeons relied on cadavers to produce detailed images of the human body. Yet behind these precise and often beautiful illustrations lie unsettling histories of exploitation and unequal power. An exhibition titled Beneath the Sheets: Anatomy, Art and Power, held at the Thackray Museum of Medicine in Leeds, examines five centuries of anatomical imagery. Many of the bodies depicted belonged to executed criminals, the poor, or socially marginalised individuals who had no say in how their bodies were used or displayed. One famous example appears in Rembrandt's The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp (1632), which portrays the dissection of an executed man whose crime was stealing a winter coat. Anatomical illustrations were essential to medical education. As 18th-century surgeon John Bell argued, an anatomy book without images was useless. However, the exhibition highlights that these lavishly illustrated books were owned by wealthy collectors, far removed socially from the people whose bodies filled their pages. Advances in printing later made such books even more ornate, turning them into display objects. Access to bodies was a constant problem. As executions declined in the 19th century, a black market emerged. Bodysnatchers stole corpses from graves and sold them to medical schools, prompting families to take extreme measures to protect the dead. The exhibition ultimately asks viewers to reconsider whose bodies shaped medical knowledge — and at what cost.
For centuries, real human bodies have played a crucial role in the development of both anatomical science and visual art. From Renaissance engravings to 19th-century medical atlases, artists and surgeons relied on cadavers to produce detailed images of the human body. Yet behind these precise and often beautiful illustrations lie unsettling histories of exploitation and unequal power. An exhibition titled Beneath the Sheets: Anatomy, Art and Power, held at the Thackray Museum of Medicine in Leeds, examines five centuries of anatomical imagery. Many of the bodies depicted belonged to executed criminals, the poor, or socially marginalised individuals who had no say in how their bodies were used or displayed. One famous example appears in Rembrandt's The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp (1632), which portrays the dissection of an executed man whose crime was stealing a winter coat. Anatomical illustrations were essential to medical education. As 18th-century surgeon John Bell argued, an anatomy book without images was useless. However, the exhibition highlights that these lavishly illustrated books were owned by wealthy collectors, far removed socially from the people whose bodies filled their pages. Advances in printing later made such books even more ornate, turning them into display objects. Access to bodies was a constant problem. As executions declined in the 19th century, a black market emerged. Bodysnatchers stole corpses from graves and sold them to medical schools, prompting families to take extreme measures to protect the dead. The exhibition ultimately asks viewers to reconsider whose bodies shaped medical knowledge — and at what cost.
Why does the passage mention Rembrandt's painting?
- A To praise its artistic realism.
- B To show how anatomy replaced classical art.
- C To describe museum exhibition practices.
- D To explain changes in painting techniques.
- E To illustrate how executed criminals were used for dissection.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文章第二段在提到林布蘭（Rembrandt）的畫作之前，作者先提出了哪一個關於「解剖來源與社會地位」的總體觀察？接著再思考，畫中那位「偷了一件外套」的主角，他的遭遇如何具體支持了前方的論點呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到文章引用實例的目的，這代表你對於段落的「邏輯結構」有很敏銳的觀察力。
藝術與權力不平等的實證
這道題目考查的是「寫作意圖」。在文章第二段中，作者先提出了一個核心觀點：解剖學圖像背後隱藏著剝削與權力不平等的歷史，並指出許多被解剖的身體來自於死刑犯或社會邊緣人。緊接著，作者提到林布蘭（Rembrandt）的著名畫作《尼古拉斯·杜爾博士的解剖學課》，並特別點出畫中主角是因為「偷了一件外套」而被處死的犯人。這個例子並非為了討論繪畫技巧或藝術成就，而是作為強而有力的證據，具體呈現了當時醫學研究如何利用這些無法作主、處境堪憐的個體。
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