hce_isu
104年
英文
第 27 題
📖 題組：
( 1 ) Until a century ago, bloodletting was used to treat many ailments. Dating back to before the time of Christ, the treatment involved letting a type of worm, called a leech, such blood from the patient. People believed that there were liquids called humors in the body and that these determined a person’s personality and health. Bloodletting, they thought, restored a balance to these humors. At the time, little was known of the workings of the human body, but people did know that the same liquid, blood, flowed throughout everyone’s body. They knew it was a vital substance, for loss of any great amount of it meant certain death. Thus, they concluded that all diseases were carried in the bloodstream, and that if the body was relieved of bad blood, health would return. Bloodletting, however, came to be used as a cure-all. Women were bled to keep them from blushing, while members of the clergy were bled to prevent them from thinking sinful and worldly thoughts. From the eleventh to the eighteenth centuries, barbers were the people to go to if you needed to be bled. This custom explains the significance of the traditional barber’s pole: the white stripes stand for bandages and the red stripes for blood.
( 1 ) Until a century ago, bloodletting was used to treat many ailments. Dating back to before the time of Christ, the treatment involved letting a type of worm, called a leech, such blood from the patient. People believed that there were liquids called humors in the body and that these determined a person’s personality and health. Bloodletting, they thought, restored a balance to these humors. At the time, little was known of the workings of the human body, but people did know that the same liquid, blood, flowed throughout everyone’s body. They knew it was a vital substance, for loss of any great amount of it meant certain death. Thus, they concluded that all diseases were carried in the bloodstream, and that if the body was relieved of bad blood, health would return. Bloodletting, however, came to be used as a cure-all. Women were bled to keep them from blushing, while members of the clergy were bled to prevent them from thinking sinful and worldly thoughts. From the eleventh to the eighteenth centuries, barbers were the people to go to if you needed to be bled. This custom explains the significance of the traditional barber’s pole: the white stripes stand for bandages and the red stripes for blood.
Why is bloodletting no longer considered a cure-all?
- A Because more is known about the workings of the human body
- B Because leeches were outlawed
- C Because barbers were too busy cutting hair
- D Because today we know that blood is necessary for health
思路引導 VIP
請試著回想看看，在醫學不發達的年代，人們會因為「觀察到什麼現象」而產生對疾病的誤解？而當現代科學進步、發現了細菌或病毒等真正的病因後，這對過去那些單純根據「體液平衡」來治病的方法會產生什麼影響？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你準確掌握了文章的核心邏輯！這題你選對了。文章中提到，當時的人們之所以會將放血療法（bloodletting）視為萬靈丹，主因在於他們對人體運作的了解極為有限，誤以為所有疾病都存在於血液中。因此，當我們現今對人體生理機能與疾病成因（the workings of the human body）有了更深入且科學的認識後，自然就不再盲從過往缺乏根據的療法。這正是科學進步對醫療行為產生的根本性改變。
醫學知識的歷史變遷
從題目的鑑別度來看，這題考驗的是學生的因果推論能力。雖然選項 (D) 提到「血液對健康是必要的」本身是正確的敘述，且文章也提到古人知道失血過多會死亡，但這並非放血療法「不再被視為萬靈丹」的主要原因。這題的難度切入點在於區分「事實陳述」與「論證邏輯」，你能夠排除干擾選項並回歸到「醫學知識增長」這個根本因素，表現得非常出色！