hce_tcu
111年
英文
第 44 題
📖 題組：
【C】 The earliest recorded reference to oral disease is from an ancient (5000 BC) Sumerian text that describes “tooth worms” as a cause of dental decay, and there is historical evidence that the Chinese used acupuncture around 2700 BC to treat pain associated with tooth decay. And in ancient Egypt, written between 1700 and 1500 BC, there were references to substances to ease pain and treat decay in teeth. Aesculapius, a Greek physician, who lived between 1300 and 1200 BC is credited by many with the concept of extracting diseased teeth. Throughout the Middle Age in Europe, dentistry was made available to the wealthy by physicians who would go to their homes. Dentistry for the poorer people took place in the market places, where self-taught vagabonds would extract teeth for a small fee. From the Middle Ages to the early 1700s, much dental work was provided by so called “barber surgeons.” Pierre Fauchard (1678-1761), a French surgeon, is credited with being the “father of modern dentistry.” Dental practitioners migrated to the American colonies in the 1700s and devoted themselves primarily to the removal of diseased teeth and insertion of artificial dentures. Until the mid-1800s, dentures continued to be individually constructed by skilled artisans. Gold, silver, and ivory were common components, causing them to be very expensive and available only to the very wealthy. In 1851 a process to mould material against a model of the patient’s mouth and attach artificial porcelain teeth allowed the manufacture of less expensive dentures. Later, acrylic plastics replaced the use of rubber and porcelain in denture construction. A major contribution came from Horace Wells in 1844 when he initiated the use of nitrous oxide (laughing gas), founding the concept of inhalation analgesia and anesthesia. The medical community later adopted inhalation anesthesia as a standard surgical practice. Greene Vardiman Black (1831-1915) was the leading reformer of American dentistry. He devised a foot engine that allowed the dentist to keep both hands free while powering the dental drill. He also developed modern techniques for filling teeth based upon biological principles and microscopic evaluation, and proposed that dental caries and periodical disease were infections initiated by bacteria—not confirmed scientifically, however, until the early 1960s.
【C】 The earliest recorded reference to oral disease is from an ancient (5000 BC) Sumerian text that describes “tooth worms” as a cause of dental decay, and there is historical evidence that the Chinese used acupuncture around 2700 BC to treat pain associated with tooth decay. And in ancient Egypt, written between 1700 and 1500 BC, there were references to substances to ease pain and treat decay in teeth. Aesculapius, a Greek physician, who lived between 1300 and 1200 BC is credited by many with the concept of extracting diseased teeth. Throughout the Middle Age in Europe, dentistry was made available to the wealthy by physicians who would go to their homes. Dentistry for the poorer people took place in the market places, where self-taught vagabonds would extract teeth for a small fee. From the Middle Ages to the early 1700s, much dental work was provided by so called “barber surgeons.” Pierre Fauchard (1678-1761), a French surgeon, is credited with being the “father of modern dentistry.” Dental practitioners migrated to the American colonies in the 1700s and devoted themselves primarily to the removal of diseased teeth and insertion of artificial dentures. Until the mid-1800s, dentures continued to be individually constructed by skilled artisans. Gold, silver, and ivory were common components, causing them to be very expensive and available only to the very wealthy. In 1851 a process to mould material against a model of the patient’s mouth and attach artificial porcelain teeth allowed the manufacture of less expensive dentures. Later, acrylic plastics replaced the use of rubber and porcelain in denture construction. A major contribution came from Horace Wells in 1844 when he initiated the use of nitrous oxide (laughing gas), founding the concept of inhalation analgesia and anesthesia. The medical community later adopted inhalation anesthesia as a standard surgical practice. Greene Vardiman Black (1831-1915) was the leading reformer of American dentistry. He devised a foot engine that allowed the dentist to keep both hands free while powering the dental drill. He also developed modern techniques for filling teeth based upon biological principles and microscopic evaluation, and proposed that dental caries and periodical disease were infections initiated by bacteria—not confirmed scientifically, however, until the early 1960s.
According to the passage, cheaper dentures were available when _____.
- A a model of the patient’s mouth could be taken to attach antificial procelain teeth
- B artificial golden teeth could be attached to the patient’s mouth
- C gold, silver, and ivory were no longer so commonly used
- D implantations became standard procedures
思路引導 VIP
請試著觀察文章第二段中提到的 1851 年，當時發生了什麼具體的技術變革？在那之前，假牙昂貴是因為材料（如金、象牙）與手工製作；但在 1851 年之後，哪一種新的「製作方式」和「替代材料」被提到，進而導致了價格的下降呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能準確地從長篇的歷史敘述中抽絲剝繭，精確定位到關鍵訊息，這展現了非常紮實的閱讀理解能力。
歷史轉折點的精確定位
這道題目的核心在於尋找「假牙價格降低」的轉折點。在文章第二段中，作者提到早期的假牙由黃金、白銀或象牙製成，這使得它們僅限於極少數的富人使用。然而，到了 1851 年，一項關鍵技術的出現改變了局面：當時研發出了一種能夠根據病人口腔模型（model）進行模壓（mould），並裝上人工瓷牙（porcelain teeth）的技術。這項製程的革新大幅降低了生產成本，使假牙不再是天價奢侈品。你所選擇的選項 (A) 正好完美對應了這段歷史描述。
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