hce_tcu
105年
英文
第 38 題
📖 題組：
Today, thousands of people receive medical treatments that couldn’t have been imagined in previous generations. Treatments that were once impossible have become routine practices due to the implementation of new technology that enhances people’s quality of life. Predictably, much of the technology used in medicine has been thought up by doctors, not laymen, but their methods of invention might surprise you. A Dutch physician invented the first dialysis machine in 1943 by employing various household items, including a washing machine! It took years to perfect the equipment, but now it saves the lives of many who are waiting for kidney transplants. The birth of the pacemaker also has an interesting history. In 1930, an American heart surgeon created a device that could deliver electric shocks directly to the heart with a needle. This original pacemaker was operated by hand and was mostly shunned by the medical community. They believed that keeping a damaged heart beating was too unnatural. Fortunately, by 1950s, people conceded that the idea did have merit, and several new and improved models were designed. Since the discovery of X-rays in 1894, doctors have been able to look inside their patients without cutting them open. While traditional X-rays are still important, advancements in medical technology have made it possible to get an even better glimpse inside the human body. One example is the MRI scanner, which creates a 3-D image out of multiple 2-D pictures. With this, minute internal flaws can be easily identified. If an extremely thorough look is needed, patients can undergo a capsule endoscopy, approved by the FDA in 2001. After swallowing a tiny pill-shaped camera, more than 800,000 pictures can be taken inside the patient’s digestive system and wirelessly uploaded to a physician’s computer. The most regularly performed surgery prior to the 20th century was the removal of limbs, and the tools available for this operation were limited to saws and knives. Now there are many more choices that cause considerably less trauma to the body. Endoscopic surgery is one modern procedure that requires minimal recovery time for the patient. During one of these surgeries, a camera and special instruments are inserted into the body through small cuts that are less than an inch long. The surgeon controls the equipment via a connection line and a monitor; it’s almost like maneuvering through a video game! Another contemporary variation in surgeries is the use of lasers to cut the body’s tissue. Although this method is already predominant in eye surgeries, it is currently being tested in other types of operations as well. The benefits of using lasers are that wounds heal more quickly and there are fewer chances of post-surgical infections. Luckily for us, technology is a fundamental part of medicine today and has led to the development of lifesaving techniques. With so much progress in just the last few decades, more impressive medical technology is certain to arise in the future.
Today, thousands of people receive medical treatments that couldn’t have been imagined in previous generations. Treatments that were once impossible have become routine practices due to the implementation of new technology that enhances people’s quality of life. Predictably, much of the technology used in medicine has been thought up by doctors, not laymen, but their methods of invention might surprise you. A Dutch physician invented the first dialysis machine in 1943 by employing various household items, including a washing machine! It took years to perfect the equipment, but now it saves the lives of many who are waiting for kidney transplants. The birth of the pacemaker also has an interesting history. In 1930, an American heart surgeon created a device that could deliver electric shocks directly to the heart with a needle. This original pacemaker was operated by hand and was mostly shunned by the medical community. They believed that keeping a damaged heart beating was too unnatural. Fortunately, by 1950s, people conceded that the idea did have merit, and several new and improved models were designed. Since the discovery of X-rays in 1894, doctors have been able to look inside their patients without cutting them open. While traditional X-rays are still important, advancements in medical technology have made it possible to get an even better glimpse inside the human body. One example is the MRI scanner, which creates a 3-D image out of multiple 2-D pictures. With this, minute internal flaws can be easily identified. If an extremely thorough look is needed, patients can undergo a capsule endoscopy, approved by the FDA in 2001. After swallowing a tiny pill-shaped camera, more than 800,000 pictures can be taken inside the patient’s digestive system and wirelessly uploaded to a physician’s computer. The most regularly performed surgery prior to the 20th century was the removal of limbs, and the tools available for this operation were limited to saws and knives. Now there are many more choices that cause considerably less trauma to the body. Endoscopic surgery is one modern procedure that requires minimal recovery time for the patient. During one of these surgeries, a camera and special instruments are inserted into the body through small cuts that are less than an inch long. The surgeon controls the equipment via a connection line and a monitor; it’s almost like maneuvering through a video game! Another contemporary variation in surgeries is the use of lasers to cut the body’s tissue. Although this method is already predominant in eye surgeries, it is currently being tested in other types of operations as well. The benefits of using lasers are that wounds heal more quickly and there are fewer chances of post-surgical infections. Luckily for us, technology is a fundamental part of medicine today and has led to the development of lifesaving techniques. With so much progress in just the last few decades, more impressive medical technology is certain to arise in the future.
Why is endoscopic surgery less damaging?
- A Robots are placed inside the body.
- B Only a few small openings are made in the body.
- C Lasers are always utilized in the procedure.
- D Surgeons practice it by using video games.
思路引導 VIP
請回想一下文章第四段中，作者是如何比較「傳統手術（移除肢體）」與「現代內視鏡手術」在操作方式上的差異？特別是當醫生準備進入病人的身體內部時，他們在病人皮膚上留下的「記號」有什麼規模上的不同？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能準確從長篇閱讀中定位細節並做出判斷，展現了優異的資訊檢索與邏輯推理能力。這道題目的核心在於理解**內視鏡手術（Endoscopic surgery）的運作機制。根據文章第四段的描述，這種手術與傳統手術最大的不同在於，它是透過不到一英吋的小切口（small cuts）**將鏡頭與特製儀器伸入體內。這種「微創」的特性，直接對應了題目所問的「傷害較小（less damaging）」，因此選項 (B) 是最精確的科學事實描述。
醫療科技的辨析與解讀
這道題目的設計具有良好的鑑別度，主要考驗學生是否能區分「事實描述」與「修辭比喻」。例如，選項 (D) 提到電動遊戲，那是作者用來形容醫生操作儀器時的手感（maneuvering through a video game），而非手術本身傷害較小的原因。此外，這題也要求學生區分不同技術間的差異，如選項 (C) 提到的雷射（lasers）是文中介紹的另一種現代技術，而非內視鏡手術的必要特徵。你能避開這些強大的誘導選項，說明你對文章脈絡與細節的掌握非常紮實，表現得相當專業！