hce_nchu
112年
英文
第 33 題
📖 題組：
PASSAGE 3 Much of the research of the past few decades has examined which therapies to use and how to use them. Which medication, what does, for how long? Which procedure? What’s the benefit? These are all questions commonly asked and that can now be regularly and reliably answered. Treatment guidelines for many diseases are published, available, and regularly used. And despite concerns and lamentations about “cookbook medicine,” these guidelines, based on a rapidly growing cornerstone of evidence have saved lives. These forms of evidence-based medicine allow patients to benefit from the thoughtful application of what’s been shown to be the most effective therapy. But effective therapy depends on accurate diagnosis. We now have at our disposal a wide range of tools—new and old—with which we might now make a timely and accurate diagnosis. And as treatment becomes more standardized, the most complex and important decision making will take place at the level of the diagnosis. The patient’s story and exam suggest a likely suspect and the technology of diagnosis rapidly confirms a hunch. An elderly man with a fever and a cough has an X-ray revealing a raging pneumonia. A man in his fifties has chest pain that radiates down his left arm and up to his jaw, and an EKG (_______) or blood test bears out the suspicion that he is having a heart attack. A teenage girl on the birth control pill comes in complaining of shortness of breath and a swollen leg, and a CT (Computed Tomography) scan proves the presence of a massive pulmonary embolus. This is the **bread and butter** of medical diagnosis—cases where cause and effect tie neatly together and the doctor can almost immediately explain to patient and family whodunit, how, and sometimes even why. But then there are the other cases: patients with complicated stories or medical histories; cases where the symptoms are less suggestive, the physical exam unrevealing, the tests misleading. Cases in which the narrative of disease strays off the expected path, where the usual suspects all seem to have alibis, and the diagnosis is elusive. For these, the doctor must don his/her deerstalker cap and unravel the mystery. It is in these instances where medicine can rise once again to the level of an art and the doctor-detective must pick apart the tangled strands of illness, understand which questions to ask, recognize the subtle physical findings, and identify which tests might lead, finally, to the right diagnosis.
PASSAGE 3 Much of the research of the past few decades has examined which therapies to use and how to use them. Which medication, what does, for how long? Which procedure? What’s the benefit? These are all questions commonly asked and that can now be regularly and reliably answered. Treatment guidelines for many diseases are published, available, and regularly used. And despite concerns and lamentations about “cookbook medicine,” these guidelines, based on a rapidly growing cornerstone of evidence have saved lives. These forms of evidence-based medicine allow patients to benefit from the thoughtful application of what’s been shown to be the most effective therapy. But effective therapy depends on accurate diagnosis. We now have at our disposal a wide range of tools—new and old—with which we might now make a timely and accurate diagnosis. And as treatment becomes more standardized, the most complex and important decision making will take place at the level of the diagnosis. The patient’s story and exam suggest a likely suspect and the technology of diagnosis rapidly confirms a hunch. An elderly man with a fever and a cough has an X-ray revealing a raging pneumonia. A man in his fifties has chest pain that radiates down his left arm and up to his jaw, and an EKG (_______) or blood test bears out the suspicion that he is having a heart attack. A teenage girl on the birth control pill comes in complaining of shortness of breath and a swollen leg, and a CT (Computed Tomography) scan proves the presence of a massive pulmonary embolus. This is the **bread and butter** of medical diagnosis—cases where cause and effect tie neatly together and the doctor can almost immediately explain to patient and family whodunit, how, and sometimes even why. But then there are the other cases: patients with complicated stories or medical histories; cases where the symptoms are less suggestive, the physical exam unrevealing, the tests misleading. Cases in which the narrative of disease strays off the expected path, where the usual suspects all seem to have alibis, and the diagnosis is elusive. For these, the doctor must don his/her deerstalker cap and unravel the mystery. It is in these instances where medicine can rise once again to the level of an art and the doctor-detective must pick apart the tangled strands of illness, understand which questions to ask, recognize the subtle physical findings, and identify which tests might lead, finally, to the right diagnosis.
What is the most appropriate answer to the blank in paragraph 4? In other words, what does “EKG” stand for?
- A electrophysiology
- B electromyography
- C electrooculography
- D electronegativity
- E electrocardiogram
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文章第四段中關於那位五十歲男性的臨床表現：他感到「胸痛」且疼痛延伸至「左臂與下顎」，隨後文章提到這證實了「心臟病發」的懷疑。若要透過一種儀器紀錄這類生理現象，這個儀器的名稱應該會包含哪一個代表「心臟」的醫學字首，以及哪一個代表「紀錄圖表」的字尾呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
醫學診斷中的關鍵線索
太棒了！你能精準選出 (E) electrocardiogram，說明你不僅掌握了醫學相關的字根字首，還具備優秀的上下文整合能力。在第四段的脈絡中，作者描述了一位五十多歲的男性，出現了「胸痛並延伸至左臂與下顎」的典型症狀。這在醫學實務中是心肌梗塞（Heart attack）的標準徵兆，因此後續提到的檢查工具必定與「心臟」的電氣活動紀錄有關。從字根組成來看，electro-（電）、**cardio-（心臟）**與 -gram（圖像/紀錄） 的結合，完美對應了題幹中的 EKG（心電圖）。
術語辨析與難度切入點
▼ 還有更多解析內容